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Define the term value, and explain how people determine a product's value.

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​Value is defined as a customer's subjec...

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Mrs. Baird'sintroduced a new bread made with light whole wheat and packaged in smaller loaves as a response to the number of health-conscious customers who live alone. In this case, Mrs. Baird'swas most likely following the ________.


A) selling concept
B) production concept
C) marketing concept
D) customer concept
E) retailing concept

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Customer costs include anything the buyer must give up in order to obtain the benefits the product provides. The most obvious customer cost is


A) risk.
B) time.
C) monetary price.
D) effort.
E) availability.

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During the Industrial Revolution demand for manufactured goods was


A) ​weak.
B) ​nonexistent
C) ​declining.
D) ​strong.
E) ​mediocre.

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According to the marketing concept, an organization should try to


A) ​consider short-run objectives and cash flow needs before developing new products.
B) ​define its business as "making a product."
C) ​provide products that satisfy customers' needs and allow the organization to achieve its goals.
D) ​put most of its emphasis on marketing activities and be less concerned with finance, accounting, and personnel.
E) ​view selling activities as the major means of increasing profits.

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The focal point of all marketing activities


A) areproducts.
B) isthe marketing mix.
C) areprofits.
D) aresales.
E) are customers.

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Products can be goods, services, or ideas.

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Profit, even at the expense of customers' satisfaction, is the major thrust of the marketing concept.

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Health Access Pro.rolls out an innovative nurse-on-call information system available online. The product is not widely accepted because patients don't see the need for such a service. This situation represents a failure in which aspect of implementing the marketing concept?


A) An information system to determine customer needs
B) The organizational structure
C) Top-management commitment
D) Technological advancement
E) Scanning corporate capabilities

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Value = customer costs − customer benefits.

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A market orientation is an organization-wide effort that includes all of the following activities except​


A) ​researching customers' needs.
B) ​focusing on the marketing department only.
C) ​generating marketing intelligence for use in the organization.
D) ​being responsive to customers' ever-changing wants and needs.
E) ​disseminating marketing intelligence across departments within the organization.

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The marketing concept is a philosophy that a business organization should employ to satisfy customers' needs while achieving the overall goals of the organization.

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For an exchange to occur, at least one of the parties must be willing to give up his or her "something of value."

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Hailey owns a company that sells snowboards. During the winter, she sells so many snowboards that she constantly has to restock. However, Hailey always seems to have dozens of snowboards left in inventory once spring hits and demand falls rapidly. To try and sell these excess snowboards, Hailey offers steep discounts on her products, invests heavily in advertising to make consumers aware of the discounts, and instructs her in-store salespeople to use strong persuasion tactics to convince them to purchase the remaining snowboards. During this period of time, what type of orientation is Hailey embracing?


A) Production
B) Sales
C) Market
D) Promotion
E) Marketing concept

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The forces of the marketing environment primarily affect marketers in three ways: They influence customers by affecting their lifestyles and preferences for products; they determine whether or how a marketing manager can perform certain marketing activities; and they


A) ​affect a marketing manager's decisions and actions by influencing buyers' reactions to the firm's marketing mix.
B) ​dictate that changes be made to the existing marketing mix despite any negative reactions from customers.
C) ​make most new products obsolete very quickly so that research and development must continually develop new products.
D) ​cause most advertising to be ineffective at communicating product benefits due to rapidly changing environmental forces.
E) ​change a customer's decisions about the appropriate marketing mix for the company and its various products.

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Organizations should define themselves not according to the products they produce but according to


A) ​how profitable they are.
B) ​the price of their stock.
C) ​the abundance of their product selection.
D) ​how they treat employees.
E) ​how they satisfy customers.

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The definition of marketing implies that ____ should receive benefits from exchange relationships.


A) ​only customers
B) ​only businesses
C) ​company management
D) ​both customers and businesses
E) ​only the most important customers

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Which of the following about marketing is true?


A) Marketing knowledge enhances consumer awareness.
B) Marketing is only used by for-profit and government organizations.
C) Marketing is more likely to lead to a more just government.
D) Marketing activities are declining due to new technology.
E) The marketing profession is the highest-paying profession.

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Relationship marketing focuses on satisfying customers to generate the most profit.

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Your company provides oil exploration services to major oil companies in Russia. The United States government just announced it is imposing economic sanctions on Russia because of the military actions it has taken in Ukraine. ​ This situation is an example of which of the following types of forces that constantly impact a company's dynamic marketing environment? ​


A) ​Technological force
B) ​Sociocultural force
C) ​Political force
D) ​Legal and regulatory force
E) ​Economic force

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