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One of the most important accomplishments of Shah Abbas I (ruled 1588–1629) was


A) opening up trade with the developing Russian state.
B) the centralization of the Safavid military command structure.
C) breaking the Portuguese trade monopoly along Persian shores.
D) launching the successful invasions in Khorasan.

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In their competition with Sunni states, Safavid Shi'ites resorted to


A) suicide raids on Sunni towns.
B) forming alliances with non-Muslim states.
C) broadening their commercial base in order to finance the struggle against the Sunnis.
D) a purification movement within their own order to purge it of "doctrinal weakness."

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The Ottoman army was composed largely of


A) provincial cavalry.
B) mercenaries.
C) provincial slaves.
D) Mamluk warriors.

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Which of the following was among the last great empires of the Islamic world?


A) the Ottoman
B) the Mughal
C) the Safavid
D) All of these answers are correct.

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The monumental architecture during the Safavid period is famous for its


A) simplicity and lack of embellishment.
B) spontaneity and lack of coherent structure.
C) use of ceramic tiles to decorate in lavish fashion the facades and domes of buildings.
D) "illuminationist" approach to design.

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In the 16th century, Muslim influence along the maritime rim of Asia declined because of Portuguese


A) superior naval power.
B) exploitation of indigenous rivalries.
C) use of terror against all who opposed their objectives.
D) All of these answers are correct.

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The Sikhs


A) were protected by Awrangzeb.
B) founded their own empire about 1646.
C) rejected Islam in favor of their own moralistic reformist ideals.
D) tried to bridge the gap in doctrine between Shi'ite and Sunni Muslims.

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According to Muslim historians, the power of the Ottoman royal authority was believed to


A) derive from military authority.
B) rest on a clear separation between religion and politics.
C) be interdependent with the welfare of the state as a whole.
D) All of these answers are correct.

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What role did geography play in the political,economic,and religious development of the Islamic world? What limitations did geography place on the rulers of Islamic empires? How successful were they at overcoming these limitations?

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Of the immediate successors of Akbar “the Great,” which permitted English merchants to establish a trading post, or “factory,” at Surat in Gujarat?


A) Shah Jahan
B) Shah Abbas I
C) Awrangzeb
D) Jahangir

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The devshirme can best be described as


A) a provincial slave levy.
B) an honor corps of Muslim bodyguards.
C) the policymaking body of Muslim religious scholars.
D) a holy war against the enemies of Islam.

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In the 16th century Ottoman Empire, the ulama


A) opposed the ruling institution of the state in a civil war.
B) began to recruit both men and women.
C) became a branch of the state under a single religious authority.
D) suffered from a decline in social status.

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What were the most important reasons for the success of the Safavid Empire in Iran? What role did Islamic religion have in this development? Who were the major foes of this empire?

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The Safavid Empire in Iran was successfu...

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The following all contributed to the decline of the Mughal Empire except:


A) the dominance of the British East India Company.
B) the rise of the powerful Hindu state of Ceylon.
C) British and French military victories at Mughal expense.
D) the invasions of Afghan tribal leader Ahmad Shah Durrani.

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Compare and contrast the roles of Shah Abbas I and Akbar the Great in consolidating the power of the monarchy in their respective states.Did they have to contend with similar circumstances,such as ethnic and religious diversity? Was one ruler more successful than the other?

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Shah Abbas I and Akbar the Great were bo...

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What were the crucial elements of the "classical" Ottoman order? What were the main reasons for the internal decline of the empire?

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The crucial elements of the "classical" ...

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What were the consequences of the Shi'ite and Sunni rift during the 17th and 18th centuries? What political divisions emerged among Muslim states? How was Muslim culture affected by it? How was Central Asia particularly affected?

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The consequences of the Shi'ite and Sunn...

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