Question 1

As identified by Shalom Schwartz,_____ refers to the degree to which cultures emphasize the promotion and protection of people's independent pursuit of positive experiences.

Accepted Answer

A)  intellectual autonomy
B)  affective autonomy
C)  measurement bias
D)  procedural bias

Question 2

Cultural calibration of the biologically based emotion system refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  front-end cultural influences
B)  back-end cultural influences
C)  emotional appraisals
D)  emotional antecedents

Question 3

_____ refer to emotions that occur as a result of themes derived from social interdependence and relationships with others.

Accepted Answer

A)  Socially disengaging emotions
B)  Socially engaging emotions
C)  Subjective emotions
D)  Objective emotions

Question 4

According to the neurocultural theory of emotional expression,which of the following influences facial expressions of emotion in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Globalization factors
B)  Technological factors
C)  Density-independent factors
D)  Biologically innate factors

Question 5

_____ are transient,biopsychosocial reactions to events that have consequences for our welfare,and that potentially require an immediate behavioral response.

Accepted Answer

A)  Attitudes
B)  Emotions
C)  Attributions
D)  Fallacies

Question 6

Which of the following is true of the location of emotions in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  For the Japanese,emotions are located in the heart.
B)  All cultures identify and locate emotions outside the body.
C)  In the United States,emotions are associated with the gut or abdomen.
D)  Cultures that locate emotions within the body differ in the exact location.

Question 7

According to the cultural display rules,_____ refers to showing an emotion when a person really doesn't feel it.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutralization
B)  amplification
C)  simulation
D)  masking

Question 8

Emotions are rapid information processing systems that evolved to help humans:

Accepted Answer

A)  adapt to various cultural changes over a period of time.
B)  act with minimal conscious thinking or deliberation.
C)  respond gradually by taking well-thought actions.
D)  react with higher cognitive functioning instead of instinct.

Question 9

Which of the following terms was coined by Levy (1973) to refer to cultures that create many words to differentiate many different emotional states?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precognition
B)  Hypercognition
C)  Hypocognition
D)  Metacognition

Question 10

_____ is the hypothesis that individuals can recognize emotions expressed by members of their own culture relatively better than of those from a different culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  Outgroup advantage
B)  Ingroup advantage
C)  Outgroup disadvantage
D)  Ingroup disadvantage

Question 11

Identify an accurate statement about basic emotions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Basic emotions are triggered by a biologically innate system in human brains.
B)  Guilt and pride are examples of basic emotions in humans.
C)  Basic emotions are acquired by humans over a period of time.
D)  Basic emotions are associated with cognitive representations of self and others as intentional agents.

Question 12

According to Charles Darwin,which of the following statements is true of facial expressions of emotions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans from different cultures express emotions in their faces differently.
B)  Facial expressions of nonhuman primates differ from those of humans.
C)  Facial expressions have communicative value,not adaptive value.
D)  Facial expressions of emotion are biologically innate.

Question 13

_____ refers to the degree to which people feel threatened by the unknown or ambiguous situations,and have developed beliefs,institutions,or rituals to avoid them.

Accepted Answer

A)  Procedural bias
B)  Ambivalent attachment
C)  Avoidant attachment
D)  Uncertainty avoidance

Question 14

According to the cross-cultural studies on emotion appraisal processes,which of the following universal underlying psychological themes is most likely to elicit the emotion of anger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of loved one or object
B)  Goal obstruction
C)  Contamination
D)  Threat to physical or psychological well-being

Question 15

Identify a true statement about cultural display rules in humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  They are biologically based and genetically coded rules that dictate human behavior.
B)  They refer to a system of rules governing how language is used and understood in given social contexts.
C)  They dictate how the universal emotional expressions should be modified according to the social situation.
D)  They refer to front-end cultural influences on the core emotion system.

Question 16

One important aspect of basic emotions is that they are universally expressed,but they are not universally recognized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In humans,_____ are emotions that focus on the self and are associated with cognitive representations of self and others as intentional agents.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-conscious emotions
B)  self-enhancement emotions
C)  self-oriented emotions
D)  self-centered emotions

Question 18

Humans and nonhuman primates have completely different sets of emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is true of emotions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotions are quick and do not last for hours or days.
B)  Humans in certain cultures have emotions,while in other cultures they don't.
C)  Emotions communicate people's intentions to others,but not their states.
D)  Emotions help people make slow decisions with maximal cognition.

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the universality studies conducted independently by Sylvan Tomkins (Tomkins & McCarter,1964) ,Paul Ekman,and Wallace Friesen (Ekman,1972) and Carroll Izard (1971) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provided the initial evidence for the universality of five emotions: envy,trust,acceptance,pride,and shame.
B)  Six different types of methodologically sound studies were originally included in the universality study series.
C)  It is a series of studies that demonstrated the pancultural universality of facial expressions of emotion.
D)  It suggested that infants in the first year of life display relatively undifferentiated facial expressions of negative emotions.

Exam 9: Culture and Emotion

Identify an accurate statement about basic emotions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cultural calibration of the biologically based emotion system refers to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms was coined by Levy (1973) to refer to cultures that create many words to differentiate many different emotional states?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to the degree to which people feel threatened by the unknown or ambiguous situations,and have developed beliefs,institutions,or rituals to avoid them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of emotions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the universality studies conducted independently by Sylvan Tomkins (Tomkins & McCarter,1964) ,Paul Ekman,and Wallace Friesen (Ekman,1972) and Carroll Izard (1971) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emotions are rapid information processing systems that evolved to help humans:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the cross-cultural studies on emotion appraisal processes,which of the following universal underlying psychological themes is most likely to elicit the emotion of anger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the neurocultural theory of emotional expression,which of the following influences facial expressions of emotion in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the location of emotions in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ are transient,biopsychosocial reactions to events that have consequences for our welfare,and that potentially require an immediate behavioral response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One important aspect of basic emotions is that they are universally expressed,but they are not universally recognized.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As identified by Shalom Schwartz,_____ refers to the degree to which cultures emphasize the promotion and protection of people's independent pursuit of positive experiences.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a true statement about cultural display rules in humans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the cultural display rules,_____ refers to showing an emotion when a person really doesn't feel it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans,_____ are emotions that focus on the self and are associated with cognitive representations of self and others as intentional agents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Charles Darwin,which of the following statements is true of facial expressions of emotions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans and nonhuman primates have completely different sets of emotions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refer to emotions that occur as a result of themes derived from social interdependence and relationships with others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is the hypothesis that individuals can recognize emotions expressed by members of their own culture relatively better than of those from a different culture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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