Question 1

Marcia and John were married for eleven years before John passed away.Following his death,Marcia left her home and city because everything reminded her of John.Many years later,Marcia happened to meet a man,her new colleague,who smelled of the cologne that John always wore.Even after so many years,Marcia was drawn to this man because he reminded her of John.In this scenario,Marcia's reawakened feelings are an example of _____ in classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction
B)  spontaneous recovery
C)  reinforcement
D)  instinctive drift

Question 2

Which of the following is a cognitive form of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  insight learning
B)  vestibular learning
C)  conditional learning
D)  incidental learning

Question 3

In observational learning,retention is the process in which a learner must

Accepted Answer

A)  encode the information to reproduce a model's actions.
B)  withdraw attention from a model's actions.
C)  use his or her instincts to resist reinforcers.
D)  must generalize his or her conditional response.

Question 4

In the context of operant conditioning,_____ refers to rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping
B)  acquisition
C)  modeling
D)  habituation

Question 5

Which of the following is true of Ivan Pavlov's experiment on classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bell was a neutral stimulus before it was paired with the meat powder.
B)  The dog's salivation in response to the bell was an unconditioned response.
C)  The bell was a conditioned stimulus before it was paired with the meat powder.
D)  The dog's salivation in response to the meat powder was a conditioned response.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of acquisition in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  During acquisition,the unconditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented followed by the conditioned stimulus.
B)  During acquisition,the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus are presented very close together in time.
C)  During acquisition,the conditioned stimulus loses its significance once the association between the two stimuli has been formed.
D)  During acquisition,the unconditional stimulus loses the ability to elicit any kind of response from the subject.

Question 7

On Monday,Rat A receives 25 mild electric shocks per hour and Rat B receives 5 mild shocks per hour.On Tuesday,both rats receive 10 shocks per hour.In the context of stress and improvement,which of the following is the most likely result of this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rat A will be more likely to show the wear and tear of stress.
B)  Rat A will be more likely to experience lowered stress.
C)  Both rats will experience the same amount of stress because they are receiving the same number of shocks on Tuesday.
D)  Rat B will be more likely to experience a sudden reduction in stress.

Question 8

_____ in classical conditioning is the tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A)  Generalization
B)  Acquisition
C)  Discrimination
D)  Habituation

Question 9

In classical conditioning,in order for the pairing between the unconditioned stimulus (US) and the conditioned stimulus (CS) to work,the

Accepted Answer

A)  CS should occur even if the US does not occur.
B)  US and the CS must use different mediums of communication.
C)  US and the CS must be presented very close together in time.
D)  CS must succeed the US after several minutes.

Question 10

Observational learning occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  when an organism makes a connection between two stimuli.
B)  when an organism learns the association between a behavior and a consequence.
C)  through the process of watching and imitating another's behavior.
D)  through the cognitive processes of reasoning and judgment.

Question 11

Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning called

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning.
B)  instinctive drift.
C)  learned helplessness.
D)  preparedness.

Question 12

How does positive punishment differ from negative punishment in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

In positive punishment,a behav...

Question 13

_____ was the Russian physiologist who demonstrated that neutral aspects of the environment can attain the capacity to evoke responses through pairing with other stimuli and that bodily processes can be influenced by environmental cues.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov
B)  JohnB.Watson
C)  B. F. Skinner
D)  E. L. Thorndike

Question 14

Preparedness refers to the way people's beliefs about their abilities dictate what goals they set for themselves,what they think they can learn,and ultimately what they do learn.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Dale works for a publishing company.Every time he writes a good article,he gets lots of fan mail expressing support to him.In the context of operant conditioning,the mails that Dale receives are called a

Accepted Answer

A)  neutral stimulus.
B)  unconditioned stimulus.
C)  secondary reinforcer.
D)  primary reinforcer.

Question 16

_____ in operant conditioning refers to the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive reinforcement
B)  Positive punishment
C)  Negative reinforcement
D)  Negative punishment

Question 17

Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning is a learning process in which

Accepted Answer

A)  the frequency of a behavior increases because it is followed by a desirable stimulus.
B)  a behavior is followed by the removal of something undesirable.
C)  the frequency of a behavior decreases because it is paired repeatedly with an undesirable stimulus.
D)  a behavior is always followed by an unpleasant consequence.

Question 18

Identify the accurate statement about operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  Operant conditioning states that operant behavior occurs with intent.
B)  Operant conditioning is a form of associative learning.
C)  Operant conditioning is ineffective at explaining voluntary behavior.
D)  Operant conditioning is used in embedded marketing to reduce spontaneous recovery.

Question 19

Dr.Meyer is known for his difficult pop quizzes.Immediately before he announces a pop quiz to his students,he walks to the classroom door and closes it.His students soon learn to anticipate a pop quiz whenever Dr.Meyer closes the classroom door.In the context of classical conditioning,closing the door has become a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus.
B)  unconditioned stimulus.
C)  unconditioned response.
D)  conditioned response.

Question 20

George drinks three glasses of wine at home every evening but rarely feels its effect.However,he feels the immediate effect of a single glass of wine on the rare occasions that he goes to a bar.Which of the following classical conditioning concepts best explains this discrepancy in George's responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement
B)  habituation
C)  renewal
D)  generalization

Exam 6: Learning

Dale works for a publishing company.Every time he writes a good article,he gets lots of fan mail expressing support to him.In the context of operant conditioning,the mails that Dale receives are called a

Correct Answer
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Identify the accurate statement about operant conditioning.

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of operant conditioning,_____ refers to rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning called

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning is a learning process in which

Correct Answer
verified

How does positive punishment differ from negative punishment in operant conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified
In positive punishment,a behav...
View Answer

In classical conditioning,in order for the pairing between the unconditioned stimulus (US) and the conditioned stimulus (CS) to work,the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of Ivan Pavlov's experiment on classical conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

Preparedness refers to the way people's beliefs about their abilities dictate what goals they set for themselves,what they think they can learn,and ultimately what they do learn.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a cognitive form of learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Observational learning occurs

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is true of acquisition in classical conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

_____ in classical conditioning is the tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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On Monday,Rat A receives 25 mild electric shocks per hour and Rat B receives 5 mild shocks per hour.On Tuesday,both rats receive 10 shocks per hour.In the context of stress and improvement,which of the following is the most likely result of this experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

_____ in operant conditioning refers to the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

In observational learning,retention is the process in which a learner must

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

_____ was the Russian physiologist who demonstrated that neutral aspects of the environment can attain the capacity to evoke responses through pairing with other stimuli and that bodily processes can be influenced by environmental cues.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Learning

Dale works for a publishing company.Every time he writes a good article,he gets lots of fan mail expressing support to him.In the context of operant conditioning,the mails that Dale receives are called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the accurate statement about operant conditioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of operant conditioning,_____ refers to rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning is a learning process in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does positive punishment differ from negative punishment in operant conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedIn positive punishment,a behav...View AnswerShow Answer

In classical conditioning,in order for the pairing between the unconditioned stimulus (US) and the conditioned stimulus (CS) to work,the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of Ivan Pavlov's experiment on classical conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preparedness refers to the way people's beliefs about their abilities dictate what goals they set for themselves,what they think they can learn,and ultimately what they do learn.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a cognitive form of learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observational learning occurs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of acquisition in classical conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ in classical conditioning is the tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On Monday,Rat A receives 25 mild electric shocks per hour and Rat B receives 5 mild shocks per hour.On Tuesday,both rats receive 10 shocks per hour.In the context of stress and improvement,which of the following is the most likely result of this experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ in operant conditioning refers to the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In observational learning,retention is the process in which a learner must

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ was the Russian physiologist who demonstrated that neutral aspects of the environment can attain the capacity to evoke responses through pairing with other stimuli and that bodily processes can be influenced by environmental cues.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In positive punishment,a behav...
View Answer

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