Question 1

Which of the following generally has the least effect on the phenotype of the individual who carries it?

Accepted Answer

A)   Robertsonian translocation
B)   unbalanced translocation
C)   balanced translocation
D)   All of these choices are equally detrimental to the phenotype.

Question 2

Given the following sequence of genes on a chromosome,determine what change in chromosome structure occurred.The asterisk (*) indicates the centromere.
Before: A B C D * E F G H
After:A C D * E F G H

Accepted Answer

A)   terminal deletion
B)   interstitial deletion
C)   inversion
D)   gene duplication

Question 3

Variations in chromosome structure are important for which of the following reason(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   evolution of new species
B)   may result in the production of abnormal offspring
C)   may alter the phenotype of an organism
D)   All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Variations in a gene are called allelic variations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The term ________ refers to genetic differences between members of the same species.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromosomal variation
B)   genetic variation
C)   chromosomal deletions
D)   polyploidy

Question 6

The effects of a deficiency on an organism are dependent on the importance of the missing genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Polytene chromosomes are

Accepted Answer

A)   chromosomes that lack telomeres.
B)   chromosomes with high copy number variation.
C)   backup copies of chromosomes that are kept segregated away from the functional copies.
D)   bundles of hundreds of copies of the same chromosome.

Question 8

The polytene chromosomes of Drosophila are an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aneuploidy
B)   polyploidy
C)   translocations
D)   inversion loops
E)   None of these choices are correct.

Question 9

Visible or measurable characteristics of an organism,resulting from its genotype,are called its ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Visible or measurable characteristics of an organism,resulting...

Question 10

Polyploid plants tend to produce less fruits and flowers,be smaller in size,and cannot adapt as well to extreme environmental conditions as normal varieties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are Klinefelter and Turner syndromes examples of?

Accepted Answer

A)   sex chromosome aneuploidy
B)   autosomal aneuploidy
C)   reciprocal translocations
D)   paracentric inversions

Question 12

Robertsonian translocations usually occur between what types of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   metacentric
B)   acrocentric
C)   telocentric
D)   submetacentric

Question 13

_______ is a drug that is used to experimentally produce polyploidy in organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin
B)   Colchicine
C)   Polymosca
D)   Karyocine

Question 14

The production of gene families,such as the globin genes,is the result of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   inversions
B)   deficiencies
C)   gene duplications
D)   simple translocations
E)   None of these choices are correct.

Question 15

An inversion heterozygote contains which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   two homologous chromosomes with inversions
B)   two normal chromosomes
C)   one normal chromosome and one chromosome with an inversion
D)   None of these choices are correct.

Question 16

Chromosomes may be identified based on which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)   location of the centromere
B)   banding patterns
C)   size of the chromosome
D)   All of these choices are correct.

Question 17

The majority of autosomal aneuploid conditions are lethal,but sex chromosome aneuploids are usually not lethal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A translocation cross may occur in an individual which has which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal translocation
B)   unbalanced translocation
C)   simple translocations
D)   All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Since no genetic material is lost or gained by an inversion,it will only influence phenotype if the breaks are within a gene or in important regulatory regions for a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A ________ translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome is attached to another chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A)   simple
B)   complex
C)   reciprocal
D)   balanced

Exam 8: Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Polytene chromosomes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome is attached to another chromosome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Variations in chromosome structure are important for which of the following reason(s) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the following sequence of genes on a chromosome,determine what change in chromosome structure occurred.The asterisk (*) indicates the centromere. Before: A B C D * E F G H After:A C D * E F G H

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polyploid plants tend to produce less fruits and flowers,be smaller in size,and cannot adapt as well to extreme environmental conditions as normal varieties.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A translocation cross may occur in an individual which has which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Variations in a gene are called allelic variations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The polytene chromosomes of Drosophila are an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since no genetic material is lost or gained by an inversion,it will only influence phenotype if the breaks are within a gene or in important regulatory regions for a gene.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The production of gene families,such as the globin genes,is the result of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inversion heterozygote contains which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Visible or measurable characteristics of an organism,resulting from its genotype,are called its ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is a drug that is used to experimentally produce polyploidy in organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effects of a deficiency on an organism are dependent on the importance of the missing genetic material.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of autosomal aneuploid conditions are lethal,but sex chromosome aneuploids are usually not lethal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chromosomes may be identified based on which of the following characteristics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are Klinefelter and Turner syndromes examples of?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Robertsonian translocations usually occur between what types of chromosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term ________ refers to genetic differences between members of the same species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following generally has the least effect on the phenotype of the individual who carries it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Given the following sequence of genes on a chromosome,determine what change in chromosome structure occurred.The asterisk () indicates the centromere. Before: A B C D E F G H After:A C D * E F G H

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