Question 1

Acute tubular necrosis can occur from (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   increased ammonia levels from liver failure.
B)   contrast dyes used for radiologic studies.
C)   ischemia because of hypovolemia.
D)   antibiotics that are nephrotoxic.

Question 2

One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertension.
B)   glomerulonephritis.
C)   chronic pyelonephritis.
D)   polycystic kidney disease.

Question 3

Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium supplementation
B)   Erythropoietin
C)   Insulin
D)   ACE inhibitors

Question 4

Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid administration.
B)   potassium supplementation.
C)   fluid restriction.
D)   protein restriction.

Question 5

The most common cause of ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the United States is

Accepted Answer

A)   hypotension.
B)   hypovolemia.
C)   renal artery stenosis.
D)   sepsis.

Question 6

When a patient misses two dialysis sessions numerous electrolyte imbalances resulted.The patient will likely demonstrate (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   lethargy because of metabolic acidosis and increased BUN.
B)   skeletal muscle weakness and possible cardiac dysrhythmias because of hyperkalemia.
C)   positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs because of hypomagnesemia.
D)   weight gain of several pounds since her last dialysis session because of hypernatremia.
E)   deep rapid breathing because of compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis.

Question 7

Signs of late chronic renal failure include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   high-serum potassium levels.
B)   high-serum calcium.
C)   high-serum phosphorous.
D)   high-blood urea nitrogen.
E)   anemia.

Question 8

The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is

Accepted Answer

A)   serum creatinine.
B)   serum potassium.
C)   blood urea nitrogen.
D)   mental status changes.

Question 9

The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance.
B)   fever and diminishing cognition.
C)   sodium retention and potassium loss in the urine.
D)   magnesium and phosphorous loss in the urine.

Question 10

A primary laboratory finding in end-stage chronic renal disease is

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) .
B)   decreased serum sodium.
C)   metabolic alkalosis.
D)   increased serum creatinine.

Question 11

The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is

Accepted Answer

A)   contrast media.
B)   antibiotics.
C)   cancer chemotherapy.
D)   recreational drugs.

Question 12

If acute tubular necrosis (ATN) does not resolve and continued tubular dysfunction ensues,the patient will then experience

Accepted Answer

A)   oliguria and sodium retention.
B)   infections and sepsis.
C)   magnesium and phosphorus loss in urine.
D)   polyuria and sodium wasting.

Question 13

The condition associated with end-stage chronic renal disease that is the most immediately life threatening is

Accepted Answer

A)   azotemia.
B)   increased creatinine.
C)   hypertension.
D)   hyperkalemia.

Question 14

The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   elderly patient with hypertrophy of the prostate.
B)   middle-aged woman with bladder infection.
C)   young child with reflux at the ureterovesical junction.
D)   patient who has both hypertension and diabetes.

Question 15

The risk for contrast media-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in

Accepted Answer

A)   a 70-year-old patient with heart failure.
B)   a 50-year-old patient post gallbladder surgery.
C)   a 12-year-old patient with recurrent bladder infections.
D)   a 30-year-old patient with appendicitis.

Question 16

Prerenal acute kidney injury may be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   severe hypotension.
B)   glomerulonephritis.
C)   bilateral kidney stones.
D)   acute tubular necrosis.

Question 17

The best intervention for acute kidney injury (AKI)is prevention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The diet for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   high carbohydrates and fats.
B)   low sodium and potassium.
C)   high protein.
D)   low phosphorous.
E)   high calorie.

Exam 28: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is

Correct Answer
verified

Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease?

Correct Answer
verified

The most common cause of ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the United States is

Correct Answer
verified

Acute tubular necrosis can occur from (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

The diet for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should include (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is

Correct Answer
verified

If acute tubular necrosis (ATN) does not resolve and continued tubular dysfunction ensues,the patient will then experience

Correct Answer
verified

The best intervention for acute kidney injury (AKI)is prevention.

Correct Answer
verified

The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

When a patient misses two dialysis sessions numerous electrolyte imbalances resulted.The patient will likely demonstrate (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

Prerenal acute kidney injury may be caused by

Correct Answer
verified

The risk for contrast media-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in

Correct Answer
verified

The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is

Correct Answer
verified

Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes

Correct Answer
verified

A primary laboratory finding in end-stage chronic renal disease is

Correct Answer
verified

Signs of late chronic renal failure include (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer
verified

The condition associated with end-stage chronic renal disease that is the most immediately life threatening is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 28: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common cause of ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the United States is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acute tubular necrosis can occur from (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diet for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should include (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If acute tubular necrosis (ATN) does not resolve and continued tubular dysfunction ensues,the patient will then experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best intervention for acute kidney injury (AKI)is prevention.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a patient misses two dialysis sessions numerous electrolyte imbalances resulted.The patient will likely demonstrate (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prerenal acute kidney injury may be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The risk for contrast media-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary laboratory finding in end-stage chronic renal disease is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Signs of late chronic renal failure include (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The condition associated with end-stage chronic renal disease that is the most immediately life threatening is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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