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Anthony said,"I did well because I was lucky." The type of attribution being demonstrated is


A) external-stable.
B) external-unstable.
C) internal -stable.
D) internal-unstable.

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Trina is an average-ability science student,but she is in danger of receiving a failing grade due to her low test scores."I know the information when I study at home," she said to Mrs.Kirby,"but as soon as you pass out the test,I get so nervous that I can barely remember my name.Then,as I think about how badly I'm going to do,I get even more nervous." -Suggest some strategies that you could use to help Trina to be successful if you were her teacher.

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First you will want to identify what typ...

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Doug's family is very poor,so he often goes to school with no breakfast and a very small lunch packet.According to Maslow,Doug is failing his classes because what type of needs are not being met?


A) Aesthetic needs
B) Deficiency needs
C) Growth needs
D) Self-actualization needs

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Sara attributes failures to internal causes.Consequently,she is likely to blame her poor mark in science on her


A) bad luck.
B) lack of effort.
C) parents' pressures to succeed.
D) teacher's difficult tests.

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Woolfolk indicates that anxiety generally interferes with learning and performance.Explain the reasons for this effect and suggest ways in which teachers can help high-anxiety students to achieve better grades.

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Anxiety interferes with tests of student...

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Sally sets unrealistically high goals for herself but is unsure about her abilities.Woolfolk would be likely to label Sally as


A) failure-accepting.
B) failure-avoiding.
C) mastery-elusive.
D) mastery-oriented.

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As need for achievement increases in spite of fear of failure,what type of student will be motivated to learn?


A) Failure-accepting
B) Failure-avoiding
C) Mastery-oriented
D) Socially-oriented

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Harry is apathetic and certain that he is not able to do the work.He makes poor marks in school and is not inclined to seek help.According to attribution theory,Harry is typical of students who attribute their failures to causes that are


A) external,stable,and controllable.
B) external,unstable,and uncontrollable.
C) internal,stable,and controllable.
D) internal,stable,and uncontrollable.

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Based on the work of Renninger,Woolfolk recommends that teachers raise "curiosity questions" to spark students' ___________.

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Cognitive evaluation theory explains how praise,criticism,grade assignments,and other events can influence students' intrinsic motivation by affecting their sense of competence and


A) curiosity.
B) self-control.
C) self-determination.
D) task orientation.

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Students who hold a performance-approach goal orientation want to look good in the eyes of others.

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Externally imposed reward systems seem particularly appropriate for students who are


A) interested in the subject.
B) intrinsically motivated.
C) not interested in the subject.
D) self-motivated.

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Individuals are naturally motivated to learn by


A) anxiety.
B) feedback and goal acceptance.
C) performance goals.
D) seductive details.

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According to behavioral theory of motivation,students are motivated primarily by a(n)


A) desire for gaining fulfillment for their accomplishments.
B) desire to gain reinforcers for their behavior.
C) inherent need to understand what they are learning.
D) need for social recognition and status.

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Theories that take into account both the behaviorist's concern with the effects of behavior and the cognitivist's interest in the impact of thinking are characterized as ________ theories.

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Participation in communities of practice is emphasized by what theory of motivation?


A) Cognitive
B) Humanistic
C) Constructivist
D) Sociocultural

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Viewing a cause of failure as stable is likely to lower aspirations for future success.

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Students who demonstrate "learned helplessness" are likely to


A) believe that trying harder will improve their results.
B) find ways to attribute their failures to others.
C) focus on their failures and not seek assistance.
D) set easier goals next time in order to increase their chances of success.

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Anxiety can interfere with attention,learning,and testing even at the same time.

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Individuals who feel that they are responsible for their own successes or failures have a(n)________ locus.

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