Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a systemic effect of IL-1 in response to infection or tissue injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  Induce fever
B)  Increased IL-2 receptor expression
C)  Stimulate inflammation
D)  Secretion of acute-phase proteins by the liver
E)  Stimulation of natural killer cells

Question 2

Adaptive immune responses differ from innate immune responses in that the former are mediated by lymphocytes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The rationale behind the drugs used to treat HIV/AIDS is to reduce the replication of the virus and therefore prevent the infection of remaining healthy cells.Which of these is NOT a therapy that acts in this way?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhibition of the reverse transcriptase enzyme
B)  Interference with the processes involved in expression of viral nucleic acid by the host cell
C)  Blocking an alpha protease enzyme associated with the assembly of the virus
D)  Chemical agents directed at interruption of mitosis in host cells for the virus
E)  Blocking the attachment and fusion of the HIV viruses with T lymphocyte host cells

Question 4

Which of the following cell types binds to antigens on plasma membranes of target cells and directly destroys the cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophils
B)  NK cells
C)  Cytotoxic T cells (CD8 cells) 
D)  Helper T cells (CD4 cells) 
E)  B cells

Question 5

The immune system destroys or neutralizes

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria.
B)  viruses.
C)  nonmicrobial foreign substances.
D)  cancer cells that arise in the body.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 6

Antibody production remains unaffected in a patient with advanced AIDS.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Bone marrow is the primary site of B lymphocyte maturation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Your patient has a normal helper T cell count,but very little helper T cell activity.Which of the following scenarios may explain this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  She has a mutation in her MHC II proteins making them ineffective.
B)  She has low antibody activity.
C)  She has a mutation in the gene for perforin and makes an ineffective version of this molecule.
D)  She is HIV positive.
E)  None of these answers would explain the observations seen in this patient. A

Question 9

Helper T cells bind to antigen complexes with class II MHC proteins,while cytotoxic T cells bind to antigen complexes with class I MHC proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which is NOT true about viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consist of a nucleic acid surrounded by a carbohydrate shell.
B)  They require a host cell in order to reproduce themselves.
C)  They may reside in a host cell for years without killing it.
D)  They may cause a host cell to become cancerous.
E)  They may have genetic information in the form of RNA.

Question 11

HIV infection can be stalled with the use of powerful antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The first pregnancy of an Rh-negative woman with an Rh-positive fetus would be at a higher risk for developing hemolytic disease of the newborn if the woman had received multiple Rh-positive blood transfusions in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 13

Michael has a rare immunological condition that prevents B cell maturation.His doctors first diagnosed him by looking at the levels of secreted immune factors in the blood.Which of the following secreted factors was missing in Michael's blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type 2 interferons
B)  Interleukin 2
C)  Type 1 interferons
D)  Colony-stimulating factors
E)  Antibodies

Question 14

Cytotoxic T cells

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete perforin,which kills bacteria and viruses by perforating the membrane or coat that surrounds them.
B)  are activated by interleukin 1.
C)  require Class I MHC proteins to recognize foreign antigens.
D)  are converted to plasma cells when activated by MHC proteins.
E)  secrete proteins that neutralize bacterial toxins.

Question 15

Autoimmune diseases are usually treated with drugs that suppress the immune system.Which of the following diseases would NOT benefit from these immunosuppressive drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  AIDS
B)  Multiple sclerosis
C)  Myasthenia gravis
D)  Rheumatoid arthritis
E)  Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 16

In a patient taking a hypothetical immunosuppressive drug,all adaptive responses are inhibited.All innate immune responses are still functional,although some are reduced in strength.While taking this drug,which of the following events will still occur in response to infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigen interaction with lymphocytes
B)  Production of antibodies that bind to antigens
C)  B-cell differentiation into plasma cells
D)  Vasodilation of local blood vessels
E)  Activation of lymphocytes

Question 17

A person with type B blood can generally accept a transfusion of type AB blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A chemical that causes binding of a phagocyte to a microbe is called a chemotaxin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The body's first line of defense against invasion by microbes are physical and chemical barriers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Helper T cells are important only for cell-mediated immune responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 18: The Immune System

Which of the following is NOT a systemic effect of IL-1 in response to infection or tissue injury?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adaptive immune responses differ from innate immune responses in that the former are mediated by lymphocytes.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The rationale behind the drugs used to treat HIV/AIDS is to reduce the replication of the virus and therefore prevent the infection of remaining healthy cells.Which of these is NOT a therapy that acts in this way?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cell types binds to antigens on plasma membranes of target cells and directly destroys the cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immune system destroys or neutralizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibody production remains unaffected in a patient with advanced AIDS.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone marrow is the primary site of B lymphocyte maturation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your patient has a normal helper T cell count,but very little helper T cell activity.Which of the following scenarios may explain this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Helper T cells bind to antigen complexes with class II MHC proteins,while cytotoxic T cells bind to antigen complexes with class I MHC proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT true about viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

HIV infection can be stalled with the use of powerful antibiotics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first pregnancy of an Rh-negative woman with an Rh-positive fetus would be at a higher risk for developing hemolytic disease of the newborn if the woman had received multiple Rh-positive blood transfusions in the past.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Michael has a rare immunological condition that prevents B cell maturation.His doctors first diagnosed him by looking at the levels of secreted immune factors in the blood.Which of the following secreted factors was missing in Michael's blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autoimmune diseases are usually treated with drugs that suppress the immune system.Which of the following diseases would NOT benefit from these immunosuppressive drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a patient taking a hypothetical immunosuppressive drug,all adaptive responses are inhibited.All innate immune responses are still functional,although some are reduced in strength.While taking this drug,which of the following events will still occur in response to infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person with type B blood can generally accept a transfusion of type AB blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chemical that causes binding of a phagocyte to a microbe is called a chemotaxin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body's first line of defense against invasion by microbes are physical and chemical barriers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helper T cells are important only for cell-mediated immune responses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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