Question 1

Water and glucose are freely filtered through the filtration membrane of a renal corpuscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is a nitrogenous waste product produced from nucleic acid breakdown in the liver

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea
B)  Deoxyribose
C)  Uric acid
D)  Creatinine

Question 3

Macula densa cells signal granular cells to release renin through paracrine stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Proteins that are recaptured from tubular fluid are transported into the luminal membrane by way of

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion.
B)  pinocytosis.
C)  secondary active transport with a symporter.
D)  primary active transport with a protein pump.
E)  facilitated diffusion with a carrier.

Question 5

The fibrous capsule of the kidney is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  dense irregular connective tissue.
B)  adipose connective tissue.
C)  reticular connective tissue.
D)  smooth muscle fibers.

Question 6

As blood flows through the vasa recta alongside the ascending limb of the nephron loop,the blood is flowing

Accepted Answer

A)  toward the cortex.
B)  deep into the medulla.

Question 7

The myogenic response that occurs within afferent arterioles of the kidney is an __________ control of GFR.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic
B)  extrinsic

Question 8

Fluid contained within the lumen of a nephron loop is called

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma.
B)  tubular fluid.
C)  filtrate.
D)  urine.

Question 9

Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels.Podocytes are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  basement membrane of the glomerulus.
B)  visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
C)  periphery of the distal convoluted tubule.
D)  endothelium of the glomerulus.

Question 10

Generally,most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop and is called obligatory water reabsorption.
B)  nephron loop and is called facultative water reabsorption.
C)  proximal convoluted tubule and is called obligatory water reabsorption.
D)  proximal convoluted tubule and is called facultative water reabsorption.

Question 11

Peritubular capillaries tend to exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  high hydrostatic pressure and high colloid pressure.
B)  high hydrostatic pressure and low colloid pressure.
C)  low hydrostatic pressure and low colloid pressure.
D)  low hydrostatic pressure and high colloid pressure.

Question 12

The capsular hydrostatic pressure is generally ______ than the glomerular hydrostatic pressure;increases in capsular hydrostatic pressure _________ the formation of additional filtrate.

Accepted Answer

A)  larger;facilitate
B)  larger;impede
C)  smaller;facilitate
D)  smaller;impede

Question 13

Which type of distal cell within kidney tubules and collecting ducts are responsive to aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  Type A cells
B)  Type B cells
C)  Principal cells
D)  Intercalated endocrine cells

Question 14

Which class of nephron is crucially important in establishing a salt concentration gradient in the kidney so that urine concentration can be regulated

Accepted Answer

A)  Intercalated nephrons
B)  Juxtamedullary nephrons
C)  Adrenal nephrons
D)  Cortical nephrons

Question 15

To measure GFR,an individual's urine is examined for the concentration of a test substance that they received by injection.How is that test substance treated by the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)  It is filtered,reabsorbed,and excreted,but it is not secreted.
B)  It is neither filtered nor reabsorbed,but it is secreted.
C)  It is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted.
D)  It is filtered and secreted,but not reabsorbed.
E)  It is not filtered,but it is secreted and reabsorbed.

Question 16

Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A)  Adventitia
B)  Muscularis
C)  Mucosa
D)  Submucosa
E)  No exceptions;all layers are found in the wall of the urinary bladder

Question 17

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water;dehydration leads to a __________ in the specific gravity of urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher;increase
B)  higher;decrease
C)  lower;decrease
D)  lower;increase

Question 18

For glucose to be reabsorbed from the tubule lumen,it is transported into the tubule cell by means of a

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose uniporter.
B)  Na+/glucose symporter.
C)  glucose protein channel.
D)  Na+/glucose antiporter.

Question 19

An obstruction in the glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal artery.
B)  proximal convoluted tubule.
C)  efferent arteriole.
D)  distal convoluted tubule.
E)  afferent arteriole.

Question 20

Nutrients such as glucose and amino acids within the tubular fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  are completely secreted.
B)  are completely reabsorbed.
C)  have half of their plasma concentration secreted.
D)  have a little less than half of their tubular fluid concentration reabsorbed.
E)  have concentrations in the filtrate and urine that match their transport maximum.

Exam 24: Urinary System

The myogenic response that occurs within afferent arterioles of the kidney is an __________ control of GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peritubular capillaries tend to exhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macula densa cells signal granular cells to release renin through paracrine stimulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water and glucose are freely filtered through the filtration membrane of a renal corpuscle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrients such as glucose and amino acids within the tubular fluid

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The capsular hydrostatic pressure is generally ______ than the glomerular hydrostatic pressure;increases in capsular hydrostatic pressure _________ the formation of additional filtrate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of distal cell within kidney tubules and collecting ducts are responsive to aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fibrous capsule of the kidney is composed of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water;dehydration leads to a __________ in the specific gravity of urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As blood flows through the vasa recta alongside the ascending limb of the nephron loop,the blood is flowing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which class of nephron is crucially important in establishing a salt concentration gradient in the kidney so that urine concentration can be regulated

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins that are recaptured from tubular fluid are transported into the luminal membrane by way of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obstruction in the glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To measure GFR,an individual's urine is examined for the concentration of a test substance that they received by injection.How is that test substance treated by the kidney

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For glucose to be reabsorbed from the tubule lumen,it is transported into the tubule cell by means of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels.Podocytes are found in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fluid contained within the lumen of a nephron loop is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a nitrogenous waste product produced from nucleic acid breakdown in the liver

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The capsular hydrostatic pressure is generally than the glomerular hydrostatic pressure;increases in capsular hydrostatic pressure ___ the formation of additional filtrate.

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Normal urine has a specific gravity that is than the specific gravity of pure water;dehydration leads to a __ in the specific gravity of urine.

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