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Exam 18: The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Which adaptation is a key characteristic of annelids that greatly increases their flexibility and mobility?

A) complete digestive tract
B) exoskeleton
C) segmentation
D) three true tissue layers

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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According to the "new" revised phylogeny based on genetic analyses, annelids are a member of the Lophotrochozoa and are most closely related to which of the following groups?

A) echinoderms
B) molluscs
C) cnidarians
D) arthropods

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Question 3

Multiple Choice

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Animals that are segmented and have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton are members of the phylum

Which of the following statements about deuterostomes is true?

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow. Corals belong to phylum Cnidaria. The reefs themselves are made up of millions of polyps, each of which secretes a calcium carbonate skeleton that becomes part of the reef structure. Corals, which are attached to the reef as adults, have free-swimming larvae that develop into new polyps. Corals are actually colorless. The brilliant colors that are visible on the reef come from the zooxanthellae (microscopic algae) that live within their body tissues. The zooxanthellae and corals have a symbiotic relationship in which corals provide carbon dioxide and mineral nutrients (released as wastes from coral digestion) to the zooxanthellae. The zooxanthellae perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis produces nutrients (in the form of sugars) for the coral and also releases oxygen. This relationship supplements energy from predation and allows corals to survive in clear tropical water, even though these areas have very low nutrient levels. -Corals supplement the energy they receive from the zooxanthellae by capturing prey with their

Use the figure below to answer the questions that follow. . -Which group of animals is the most diverse?

Suppose you use a dissecting microscope to observe organisms that have colonized discs of densely packed, fibrous wood (Masonite plates) that have been submerged in 6 inches of lake water for eight weeks. You see insect cases (protective shelters) , insect larvae, and newly emerged insects with wings. You determine that you are looking at an insect species

Which of the following phyla is most closely related to echinoderms?

A dog's head is at its ________ end, and its belly is its ________ surface.

Animals directly evolved from

The most numerous, diverse, and widespread animals are the

A bilaterally symmetrical, wormlike animal that has a complete digestive tract and a cuticle could be a member of which of the following phyla?

Which of the following features is unique to chordates?

Complete metamorphosis is considered to occur in a species

The ________ is a flagellated cell that sweeps water through a sponge's body.

Most adult insects have three major body parts or sections. They are the

Which part of this figure shows the tube feet of the starfish?

A typical sponge is best described as

Typical animal embryos have ________, or external cell layer, and ________, which lines the digestive tract.

Which of the following are not included among the eumetazoans that have true tissues?