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Exam 1: Biology: Exploring Life

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Question 1

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Watching salt crystals form as ocean water evaporates, a student says, "Look-more and more crystals are appearing. The ocean water is alive!" Which of the following statements is an accurate evaluation of the student's remark?

A) The student is correct: Crystals are ordered structures and they are reproducing, so the ocean water is alive.
B) The student is correct because crystals are formed by processing energy from the sun to create new structures, so ocean water is alive.
C) The student is incorrect because the solution is processing energy from the sun rather than gaining energy from other organisms, so the ocean water is not alive.
D) The student is incorrect because all of the crystals reproduce the same kind of crystals with no variation to provide adaptation, so the ocean water is not alive.

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Question 2

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After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Scientists interested in knowing the best way to restore an area after a temporary road was built through it completed a study comparing two treatments: (1) restoring the contour of an area so that there was no longer a depression or cut-through where the road was previously and (2) simply abandoning the area to allow vegetation to return on its own. They wanted to know whether either or both of these treatments would return the aboveground vegetation and the belowground soil properties to their original state, as seen in a similar area where there had never been a road. -The researchers concluded, "These findings support the prediction that recontouring accelerates the rehabilitation of key ecohydrologica properties toward reference dynamics." What does this mean?

A) Recontouring makes the vegetation in the area grow out of control.
B) Recontouring allows the water properties of the system to return to normal faster.
C) Abandonment is the better treatment for restoration.
D) Their original prediction that recontouring would produce greater plant diversity was supported.

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Question 3

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Kingdom Fungi includes species

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Researchers set up a study to determine whether large doses of a nutritional supplement would shorten the length of time it takes to recover from a cold. Three thousand volunteers were split into two groups. For two weeks, members of group A took 3,000 mg of the supplement daily. Group B received 3,000 mg of a placebo. At the end of the two-week period, the researchers inserted live cold viruses directly into the noses of all the volunteers. The volunteers in both group A and group B continued to take their daily pills. All the volunteers got colds, and there was no significant difference in the length of time the colds lasted. -Which was the experimental group?

The role of a control in an experiment is to

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive?

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms represent

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will be looking for a cell that

Which of these sequences is not a correct pathway of energy through an ecosystem?

Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example of

You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the bookstore has recently started selling this new sweatshirt style. This is an example of

In an ecosystem, energy

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Researchers have created a robot that has a very thin leg that is moved by cardiac (heart) cells contracting in unison. The robot, made of a polymer similar to that used in making contact lenses, is bathed in heart cells with supporting fibroblasts, which then attach to the robot and provide movement as they contract. -All of the cardiac cells working together can cause the robot leg to move in a way that individual cells could not. This is an example of

Which of the following statements about genetics is true?

Which of the following statements regarding a common cellular activity is false?

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

Which level in the hierarchy shown is a community?

When a lepidopterist examined museum specimens of a particular moth species, she noticed that the variation in color was distributed as shown in the first graph. She was surprised because her data indicated the distribution of colors shown in the second graph. Which of the following hypotheses about the cause of this shift in the range of genetic variation is the most likely to be supported by examination of the distribution of colors in a collection assembled at a time between that of the collection of the museum specimens and her current specimens?

What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?