Question 1

A coiled spring would be useful in illustrating a ____________ wave.

Accepted Answer

A)   surface
B)   body
C)   shear
D)   compressional

Question 2

The quantity of offset that occurs along a fault is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fault gouge
B)   the fault gauge
C)   displacement
D)   accumulation

Question 3

Which of the following scales was used to measure the intensity of the listed earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mercalli
B)   Seismic-moment
C)   Richter
D)   None of the above are correct.

Question 4

The point within Earth where an earthquake takes place is termed the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypocenter (focus) 
B)   epicenter
C)   eye of the fault
D)   vertex

Question 5

Seismic retrofitting is the process of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   predicting earthquakes
B)   strengthening existing buildings and structures
C)   mapping areas prone to earthquakes
D)   releasing energy

Question 6

Short-term predictions of earthquake behavior ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   have saved millions of lives in the past decade alone
B)   have been largely unreliable
C)   are primarily based on the behavior patterns of farm animals
D)   are correct approximately 50% of the time

Question 7

A primary force opposing motion on all faults is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   magnetic attraction among iron-rich minerals
B)   gravity
C)   friction
D)   van der Waals force C

Question 8

Body waves include ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   both S- and P-waves
B)   both L- and R-waves
C)   both surface and interior waves
D)   P-waves only

Question 9

Aftershocks following a major earthquake ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   may continue for days after the initial earthquake
B)   are mostly much smaller than the original earthquake
C)   may occur on the same fault as the original earthquake, or a different fault
D)   All of the above are correct. D

Question 10

What geological setting(s) would you expect to produce seismic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   rift valley
B)   basin
C)   collisional mountain belt
D)   All of the above are correct.

Question 11

Long-term prediction of earthquake behavior ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is based on past earthquake activity
B)   works on the principle that zones of past seismicity will be active in the future
C)   includes the notion of seismic gaps-places where an earthquake is "overdue"
D)   All of the above are correct.

Question 12

Generally,which type of earthquake waves travel fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)   interior waves
B)   R-waves
C)   surface waves
D)   body waves

Question 13

The key to finding the location of an earthquake's epicenter is measuring the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   difference between the time that the P-wave arrives and the time that the S-wave arrives at the seismometer station
B)   total time it takes for the P-wave and then the S-wave to arrive at the seismometer station
C)   difference between the time the S-wave has reached one seismometer station and the time the S-wave has reached another station
D)   difference between the time the P-wave has reached one seismometer station and the time the P-wave has reached another station

Question 14

Of the following,which causes the most earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

A)   the sudden formation of a new fault
B)   a sudden slip on an existing fault
C)   the explosion of a volcano
D)   a giant landslide

Question 15

Geologists who specifically study earthquakes are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   seismologists
B)   paleontologists
C)   vulcanologists
D)   speleologists

Question 16

The stress that builds on a preexisting fault that has previously ruptured _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is great enough to cause new fractures
B)   must overcome the force of friction to cause an earthquake
C)   is analogous to a broken stick
D)   is nonexistent

Question 17

How can damage and injury be minimized in areas prone to seismic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   earthquake zoning
B)   engineering controls
C)   warning systems
D)   All of the above are correct.

Question 18

Sandy substrate is susceptible to ____________ during an earthquake.

Accepted Answer

A)   displacement
B)   collapse
C)   liquifaction
D)   faulting C

Question 19

An earthquake occurs with an epicenter in the town of New Madrid,Missouri,in the interior of the North American Plate.Where might the hypocenter of this earthquake plausibly be found?

Accepted Answer

A)   in New Madrid ("hypocenter" and "epicenter" mean precisely the same thing) 
B)   10 km south of New Madrid
C)   20 km beneath New Madrid
D)   200 km beneath New Madrid

Question 20

Which of these areas of the United States would you expect to have the highest occurrence of seismic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Southeast
B)   West
C)   Northeast
D)   Central

Exam 8: A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

A coiled spring would be useful in illustrating a ____________ wave.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The quantity of offset that occurs along a fault is termed ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following scales was used to measure the intensity of the listed earthquakes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The point within Earth where an earthquake takes place is termed the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Seismic retrofitting is the process of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Short-term predictions of earthquake behavior ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary force opposing motion on all faults is ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Body waves include ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aftershocks following a major earthquake ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What geological setting(s) would you expect to produce seismic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term prediction of earthquake behavior ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,which type of earthquake waves travel fastest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The key to finding the location of an earthquake's epicenter is measuring the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following,which causes the most earthquakes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Geologists who specifically study earthquakes are called ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stress that builds on a preexisting fault that has previously ruptured _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can damage and injury be minimized in areas prone to seismic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sandy substrate is susceptible to ____________ during an earthquake.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

An earthquake occurs with an epicenter in the town of New Madrid,Missouri,in the interior of the North American Plate.Where might the hypocenter of this earthquake plausibly be found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these areas of the United States would you expect to have the highest occurrence of seismic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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D

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C

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