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Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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Question 41

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Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

A) as a pentose
B) as a hexose
C) as a monosaccharide
D) as a disaccharide
E) as a polysaccharide

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Question 42

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The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide?

A) 1, 2, and 11
B) 3, 7, and 8
C) 5, 9, and 10
D) 11, 12, and 13
E) 12, 14, and 15

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Question 43

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Which type of interaction stabilizes the α helix and the β pleated sheet structures of proteins?

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -At which bond would water need to be added to achieve hydrolysis of the peptide, back to its component amino acid?

A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Which modifications of fatty acids will best keep triglycerides solid at warmer temperatures?

The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNA

A molecule with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆ is probably a

Use the following information to answer the questions below. Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides. Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids. DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides. -Among these biological polymers, which has the least structural variety?

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which bond is a peptide bond?

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Which of the following is true of both starch and cellulose?

What type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains (R groups) functions in maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape?

How many different kinds of polypeptides, each composed of 12 amino acids, could be synthesized using the 20 common amino acids?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which of the following molecules act as building blocks (monomers) of polypeptides?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You have just had a breakfast of toast (high-fibre bread) with butter and jam (no added sugar) along with a glass of milk. -What are the two major polysaccharides you have consumed?

Normal hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two molecules of β hemoglobin and two molecules of α hemoglobin. In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibres. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibits

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a phosphodiester type of covalent bond?

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which bond is closest to the amino terminus of the molecule?