Question 1

Which type of social group commands a member's esteem and loyalty?

Accepted Answer

A)   an in-group
B)   an out-group
C)   a reference group
D)   a social network

Question 2

If you want your social group to be open to any and all people as new members, you would encourage a

Accepted Answer

A)   socially diverse membership.
B)   large group size.
C)   group that is physically segregated.
D)   small group size.

Question 3

Irving Janis demonstrated how discussion always improves decision making in a social group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What type of leaders downplay their own power, letting group members function more or less on their own?

Accepted Answer

A)   authoritarian leaders
B)   democratic leaders
C)   laissez-faire leaders
D)   instrumental leaders

Question 5

What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behavior of individuals? Give an example of each operating as a reference group.

Accepted Answer

The terms "in-group" and "out-group" are...

Question 6

What does the research by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram show us about the ability of social groups to affect the opinions and behavior of group members?

Accepted Answer

The research by Solomon Asch and Stanley...

Question 7

What is Robert Merton's term for a preoccupation with rules and regulations to the point of keeping an organization from accomplishing its goals?

Accepted Answer

A)   bureaucratic ritualism
B)   bureaucratic alienation
C)   bureaucratic innovation
D)   bureaucratic inertia

Question 8

What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)   democratic leadership
B)   authoritarian leadership
C)   expressive leadership
D)   instrumental leadership

Question 9

As the number of members in a group goes up, the number of possible relationships that connect them goes up much more quickly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

An example of a secondary group is

Accepted Answer

A)   a fraternity chapter meeting on campus.
B)   a Microsoft Corporation awards banquet.
C)   parents meeting with their daughter and her coach.
D)   girl scouts at a cookout.

Question 11

Reference groups can be primary groups, but they can never be secondary groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Generally, people in secondary relationships think of others as being a means to some end.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In today's information age, more competitive organizations have a more hierarchical, pyramid shape.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The boundary that distinguishes members from nonmembers is clearer in secondary groups than in primary groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research shows that clear rules, firmly and uniformly applied, increase a business's profitability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the "iron law of oligarchy," Robert Michels stated that bureaucracy always means

Accepted Answer

A)   inefficiency.
B)   the few rule the many.
C)   formal rules and regulations.
D)   alienation.

Question 17

Social networks are typically

Accepted Answer

A)   built on primary relationships.
B)   "fuzzy" groups made up of people we "know of" rather than those we know well.
C)   characterized by a strong sense of membership.
D)   characterized by boundaries defining membership.

Question 18

The sociologist who explored the primary group was Charles Horton Cooley.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The text speaks of "opposing trends" in today's world of formal organizations because

Accepted Answer

A)   some organizations are getting bigger, but most are getting smaller.
B)   men dominate formal organizations, but women are gaining quickly.
C)   some organizations have evolved toward flatter, more flexible forms, but others remain rigid organizations patterned by McDonald's.
D)   almost all people are better off than ever, but they are sacrificing privacy.

Question 20

A social group that people use as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   peer group.
B)   reference group.
C)   out-group.
D)   dyad.

Exam 5: Groups and Organizations

What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the number of members in a group goes up, the number of possible relationships that connect them goes up much more quickly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text speaks of "opposing trends" in today's world of formal organizations because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Irving Janis demonstrated how discussion always improves decision making in a social group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the "iron law of oligarchy," Robert Michels stated that bureaucracy always means

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you want your social group to be open to any and all people as new members, you would encourage a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is Robert Merton's term for a preoccupation with rules and regulations to the point of keeping an organization from accomplishing its goals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of leaders downplay their own power, letting group members function more or less on their own?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behavior of individuals? Give an example of each operating as a reference group.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe terms "in-group" and "out-group" are...View AnswerShow Answer

In today's information age, more competitive organizations have a more hierarchical, pyramid shape.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The boundary that distinguishes members from nonmembers is clearer in secondary groups than in primary groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sociologist who explored the primary group was Charles Horton Cooley.

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An example of a secondary group is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social networks are typically

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the research by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram show us about the ability of social groups to affect the opinions and behavior of group members?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe research by Solomon Asch and Stanley...View AnswerShow Answer

Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research shows that clear rules, firmly and uniformly applied, increase a business's profitability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of social group commands a member's esteem and loyalty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A social group that people use as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reference groups can be primary groups, but they can never be secondary groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally, people in secondary relationships think of others as being a means to some end.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The terms "in-group" and "out-group" are...
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The research by Solomon Asch and Stanley...
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