Question 1

Match the terms with the corresponding examples. Terms may be used more than once.
-Increases in the size of the uterus and breasts during pregnancy

Accepted Answer

A)  Physiologic atrophy
B)  Pathologic atrophy
C)  Physiologic hypertrophy
D)  Pathologic hypertrophy
E)  Compensatory hyperplasia C

Question 2

The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  compensatory hyperplasia.
B)  hormonal hyperplasia.
C)  hormonal anaplasia.
D)  hormonal dysplasia.

Question 3

Removal of part of the liver leads to ______________ of the remaining liver cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  dysplasia
B)  metaplasia
C)  compensatory hyperplasia
D)  compensatory dysplasia

Question 4

What type of necrosis is associated with wet gangrene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coagulative necrosis
B)  Liquefactive necrosis
C)  Caseous necrosis
D)  Gangrene necrosis

Question 5

What is the most common site of lipid accumulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary and other arteries
B)  Kidneys
C)  Liver
D)  Subcutaneous tissue

Question 6

The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to excessive hormonal stimulation is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  dysplasia.
B)  pathologic dysplasia.
C)  hyperplasia.
D)  pathologic hyperplasia.

Question 7

What, if any, is the difference between subdural hematoma and epidural hematoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no difference. These terms may be used interchangeably.
B)  A subdural hematoma occurs above the dura, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs under the dura.
C)  A subdural hematoma usually is formed from venous blood that collects slowly, whereas an epidural hematoma is formed from arterial blood that collects rapidly.
D)  A subdural hematoma usually forms from bleeding within the skull such as an aneurysm eruption, whereas an epidural hematoma occurs from trauma outside the skull such as a blunt force trauma.

Question 8

Aging is the result of a genetically controlled development program or built-in self-destructive processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymatic digestion halts DNA synthesis.
B)  Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production.
C)  Reduction in ATP production caused by edema from an influx in sodium
D)  Shift of potassium out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure

Question 10

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Noise, illumination, and prolonged vibrations can cause cellular injury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the terms with the corresponding examples. Terms may be used more than once.
-Liver regeneration

Accepted Answer

A)  Physiologic atrophy
B)  Pathologic atrophy
C)  Physiologic hypertrophy
D)  Pathologic hypertrophy
E)  Compensatory hyperplasia

Question 13

A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial biopsy showing that the normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells.The man is correctly told that this process could be reversed if he quits smoking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Nondividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are capable of hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which organs are affected by lead consumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart and blood vessels
B)  Muscles and bones
C)  Pancreas and adrenal glands
D)  Nerves and blood-forming organs

Question 16

What mechanisms occur in the liver after lipid accumulation in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accumulation of lipids that obstruct the common bile duct, preventing flow of bile from the liver to the gallbladder
B)  Increased synthesis of triglycerides from fatty acids and decreased synthesis of apoproteins
C)  Increased binding of lipids with apoproteins to form lipoproteins
D)  Increased conversion of fatty acids to phospholipids B

Question 17

What physiologic changes occur during heat exhaustion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemoconcentration occurs because of the loss of salt and water.
B)  Cramping of voluntary muscles occurs as a result of salt loss.
C)  Thermoregulation fails because of high core temperatures.
D)  Subcutaneous layers are damaged because of high core temperatures.

Question 18

What is the cause of free calcium in the cytosol that damages cell membranes by uncontrolled enzyme activation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of endonuclease, which interferes with the binding of calcium to protein
B)  Activation of phospholipases, which degrade the proteins to which calcium normally binds
C)  An influx of phosphate ions, which compete with calcium for binding to proteins
D)  Depletion of ATP, which normally pumps calcium from the cell D

Question 19

Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but may become malignant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperplasia
B)  Metaplasia
C)  Dysplasia
D)  Anaplasia

Exam 2: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Match the terms with the corresponding examples. Terms may be used more than once. -Increases in the size of the uterus and breasts during pregnancy

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Removal of part of the liver leads to ______________ of the remaining liver cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of necrosis is associated with wet gangrene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most common site of lipid accumulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to excessive hormonal stimulation is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What, if any, is the difference between subdural hematoma and epidural hematoma?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aging is the result of a genetically controlled development program or built-in self-destructive processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Noise, illumination, and prolonged vibrations can cause cellular injury.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the terms with the corresponding examples. Terms may be used more than once. -Liver regeneration

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial biopsy showing that the normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells.The man is correctly told that this process could be reversed if he quits smoking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nondividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are capable of hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organs are affected by lead consumption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What mechanisms occur in the liver after lipid accumulation in liver cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

What physiologic changes occur during heat exhaustion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the cause of free calcium in the cytosol that damages cell membranes by uncontrolled enzyme activation?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but may become malignant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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B

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D

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