Question 1

What is MYH16?

Accepted Answer

A)   An australopithecine specimen.
B)   A cranial bone.
C)   A myosin gene.
D)   A sexually transmitted disease.
E)   A site in East Africa.

Question 2

Paleoanthropologists are quite sure that bipedalism developed quickly during the evolution of the early hominids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What evidence suggests that bipedalism evolve first and increasing brain development followed later?

Accepted Answer

The evidence that suggests bipedalism ev...

Question 4

The group of fossil hominids discovered in Afar region of Ethiopia in 1999 and dated to about 2.5 million years ago are called

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus anamensis.
B)   Australopithecus garhi.
C)   Australopithecus afarensis.
D)   Ardipithecus ramidus.
E)   Australopithecus africanus.

Question 5

In contrast to Australopithecus africanus, the robust australopithecines generally had thicker jaws but smaller molar and premolars.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The fossil Orrorin tugenensis discovered in western Kenya in 1998 dates to about

Accepted Answer

A)   5.8 million years ago.
B)   9 million years ago.
C)   18 million years ago.
D)   22 million years ago.
E)   4.6 million years ago. A

Question 7

One advantage of bipedalism is the ability to cover large areas, very quickly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Based on current evidence, it appears that hominids began manufacturing stone tools at least one million years after the emergence of bipedalism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The lumbar curve is a trait found in all primates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 10

A primate with a mix of hominoid and hominid traits from about 7 million years ago is called

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus afarensis.
B)   Gigantopithecus.
C)   Kenyapithecus.
D)   Ardithpithecus ramidus.
E)   Sahelanthropus tchadensis.

Question 11

Hominids with a brain larger than australopithecines appearing about 2.5 million years ago are generally divided into two species called

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus boisei and A. robustus.
B)   Homo sapiens and Homo neandertalensis.
C)   Homo habilis and Homo erectus.
D)   Homo erectus and Paranthropus.
E)   Homo habilis and H. rudolfensis.

Question 12

Some East African hominids that are younger than about 2.5 million years old are classified as

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus afarensis.
B)   Ardipithecus ramidus.
C)   Neanderthals.
D)   as members of our own genus, Homo.
E)   Kenyapithecus.

Question 13

Many anthropologists think that the increase in brain size in early Homo is linked to the emergence of stone tool making around 2.5 million years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In both ancient and modern apes, the spinal column enters the skill toward the back.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not a site at which hominin fossils have been discovered?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alnif.
B)   Taung.
C)   Laetoli.
D)   West Turkana.
E)   Olduvai. A

Question 16

The earliest australopithecines, Australopithecus anamensis and A. afarensis, are sometimes classified in the genus Paranthropus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

By the time Homo habilis appeared just over 2 million years ago

Accepted Answer

A)   hominid brain size was roughly the same as that of chimpanzees.
B)   hominid brain size had been steadily increasing since the time of the earliest hominids.
C)   hominid brain size was roughly 50% that of modern humans.
D)   hominid brain size averaged 1000 cc.
E)   the brain size of Homo habilis was virtually unchanged from that of earlier hominids.

Question 18

Along with an increase in hominid brain size, natural selection also favoured

Accepted Answer

A)   increased reliance on visual acuity.
B)   widening of the female pelvis to allow birthing of larger-brained infants.
C)   a continued reduction in reliance on sense of smell.
D)   the formation of larger and larger social groups.
E)   a diet high in nutritious leafy greens.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about hominid bipedalism is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stone tool manufacturing appears well over a million years after the emergence of bipedalism
B)   Bipedalism first emerged as an adaptive response to predator pressure -- early hominids had to out-run predators to survive.
C)   Bipedal walking is more energy efficient over long distances than quadrupedal walking
D)   The emergence of bipedalism was an evolutionary compromise -- it brought both adaptive benefits and costs.
E)   Bipedalism, with the weight of the trunk over the pelvis, places considerable biomechanical strain on the hips, lower back, knees, ankles and feet.

Question 20

During the late Miocene epoch, and into the Pliocene epoch, the climatic trend in Africa was one of

Accepted Answer

A)   increased temperature.
B)   increased precipitation.
C)   drying and cooling.
D)   stable temperatures.
E)   cyclical fluctuations in rainfall.

Exam 9: Early Hominins

What is MYH16?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paleoanthropologists are quite sure that bipedalism developed quickly during the evolution of the early hominids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What evidence suggests that bipedalism evolve first and increasing brain development followed later?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe evidence that suggests bipedalism ev...View AnswerShow Answer

The group of fossil hominids discovered in Afar region of Ethiopia in 1999 and dated to about 2.5 million years ago are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast to Australopithecus africanus, the robust australopithecines generally had thicker jaws but smaller molar and premolars.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fossil Orrorin tugenensis discovered in western Kenya in 1998 dates to about

Correct AnswerverifiedA

One advantage of bipedalism is the ability to cover large areas, very quickly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on current evidence, it appears that hominids began manufacturing stone tools at least one million years after the emergence of bipedalism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lumbar curve is a trait found in all primates.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

A primate with a mix of hominoid and hominid traits from about 7 million years ago is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hominids with a brain larger than australopithecines appearing about 2.5 million years ago are generally divided into two species called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some East African hominids that are younger than about 2.5 million years old are classified as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many anthropologists think that the increase in brain size in early Homo is linked to the emergence of stone tool making around 2.5 million years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In both ancient and modern apes, the spinal column enters the skill toward the back.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a site at which hominin fossils have been discovered?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The earliest australopithecines, Australopithecus anamensis and A. afarensis, are sometimes classified in the genus Paranthropus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By the time Homo habilis appeared just over 2 million years ago

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Along with an increase in hominid brain size, natural selection also favoured

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about hominid bipedalism is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the late Miocene epoch, and into the Pliocene epoch, the climatic trend in Africa was one of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The evidence that suggests bipedalism ev...
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False

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A

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