Question 1

The earliest evidence of New World monkeys comes from Bolivia and dates to 65 million years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A criticism of Matt Cartmill's visual predation theory of primate origins is that not all visual predators have forward-facing eyes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A group of fossil species from the Paleocene epoch (65-55 million years ago)  are argued by some researchers to be the earliest primate-like mammals; these fossil animals are

Accepted Answer

A)   the plesiadapiforms.
B)   the adapids.
C)   the omomyids.
D)   the strepsirhines.
E)   the haplorhines.

Question 4

Rates of molecular change can be sped up by natural selection when a characteristic is either very advantageous or very disadvantageous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A strong candidate for the common primate ancestor, dating to about 56 million years ago is

Accepted Answer

A)   Omomyids.
B)   Dolichocebus.
C)   Branisella.
D)   Carpolestes.
E)   Parapithecus.

Question 6

Paleoprimatologists are in agreement that the plesiadapiforms should be classified in the order primates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

It is suggested that the proliferation of large trees with fruit and seeds occurred during the late Paleocene and early Eocene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a late Miocene ape?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dolichocebus.
B)   Tremacebus.
C)   Notharctus.
D)   Proconsul.
E)   Sivapithecus.

Question 9

Comparisons of living primates suggest that fruit-eaters have pointed tooth cusps, whereas insect-eaters have flattened, rounded cusps.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

No primate, living or extinct, has more than ________ in each quarter of the jaw.

Accepted Answer

A)   2 molars
B)   1 molar
C)   2 incisors
D)   1 premolar
E)   1 insicor

Question 11

In their locomotion, arboreal quadrupeds typically exhibit vertical clinging and leaping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Thin tooth enamel, lighter jaws, and pointed molar cusps are all characteristics of

Accepted Answer

A)   Sivapithecus.
B)   Kenyapithecus.
C)   Oreopithecus.
D)   Ouranopithecus.
E)   Dryopithecus.

Question 13

The first New World monkeys (platyrrhines)  appear in South America approximately

Accepted Answer

A)   25 million years ago.
B)   30 million years ago.
C)   35 million years ago.
D)   40 million years ago.
E)   45 million years ago.

Question 14

What are molecular clocks and how can they be used to deduce the time since two organisms shared a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

Molecular clocks are a concept in evolut...

Question 15

The ________ period saw the evolution and diversification of many different types of mammals, and the expansion and diversification of deciduous trees and flowering plants.

Accepted Answer

A)   Paleocene
B)   Eocene
C)   Oligocene
D)   Cretaceous
E)   Miocene

Question 16

Having three premolars in each quarter of the upper and lower jaws is a trait shared by the Oligocene propliopithecids and living New World monkeys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The best known propliopithecid from the fossil record is

Accepted Answer

A)   Gigantipithecus.
B)   Aegyptopithecus.
C)   Tetonius.
D)   Notharctus.
E)   Kenyapithecus. B

Question 18

Arboreal quadrupeds tend to have

Accepted Answer

A)   prehensile tails.
B)   no tails.
C)   opposable thumbs.
D)   long grasping fingers and toes.
E)   short arms and long legs.

Question 19

If we know that two lineages split 20 million years ago, and we know the degree of molecular difference between contemporary representatives of each, we can estimate

Accepted Answer

A)   their phylogenetic relationship.
B)   the amount of time that has elapsed since other pairs of related species converged.
C)   how far back in the past the two lineages shared a common ancestor.
D)   the rate of change that produced that degree of difference.
E)   how long it will take for the groups to completely speciate.

Question 20

Omomyids exhibit many characteristics that seem to be more anthropoid-like including

Accepted Answer

A)   prognathism and a larger brain.
B)   stereoscopic vision and an increased reliance on smell.
C)   a larger brain, the beginnings of postorbital closure and a relatively shorter face.
D)   a shorter face.
E)   a longer skull and increased flexion of the basicranium. C

Exam 8: Primate Evolution: From Early Primates to Hominoids

The earliest evidence of New World monkeys comes from Bolivia and dates to 65 million years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A criticism of Matt Cartmill's visual predation theory of primate origins is that not all visual predators have forward-facing eyes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of fossil species from the Paleocene epoch (65-55 million years ago) are argued by some researchers to be the earliest primate-like mammals; these fossil animals are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rates of molecular change can be sped up by natural selection when a characteristic is either very advantageous or very disadvantageous.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A strong candidate for the common primate ancestor, dating to about 56 million years ago is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paleoprimatologists are in agreement that the plesiadapiforms should be classified in the order primates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is suggested that the proliferation of large trees with fruit and seeds occurred during the late Paleocene and early Eocene.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which of the following is an example of a late Miocene ape?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparisons of living primates suggest that fruit-eaters have pointed tooth cusps, whereas insect-eaters have flattened, rounded cusps.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

No primate, living or extinct, has more than ________ in each quarter of the jaw.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In their locomotion, arboreal quadrupeds typically exhibit vertical clinging and leaping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thin tooth enamel, lighter jaws, and pointed molar cusps are all characteristics of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first New World monkeys (platyrrhines) appear in South America approximately

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are molecular clocks and how can they be used to deduce the time since two organisms shared a common ancestor?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIMolecular clocks are a concept in evolut...View AnswerShow Answer

The ________ period saw the evolution and diversification of many different types of mammals, and the expansion and diversification of deciduous trees and flowering plants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Having three premolars in each quarter of the upper and lower jaws is a trait shared by the Oligocene propliopithecids and living New World monkeys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best known propliopithecid from the fossil record is

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Arboreal quadrupeds tend to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we know that two lineages split 20 million years ago, and we know the degree of molecular difference between contemporary representatives of each, we can estimate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Omomyids exhibit many characteristics that seem to be more anthropoid-like including

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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Answered by ExamLex AI
Molecular clocks are a concept in evolut...
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