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Describe how a dramatic play centre and an art centre can improve literacy in a literacy-rich environment. What strategies and tools could early learning teachers use to increase literacy development in these centres?

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Closed questions are characterized by which of the following:


A) Have more than one right answer
B) Ask for reasoning
C) Tend to have right or wrong answers
D) Have more than one correct answer

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Inner speech is described as:


A) Our most intimate thoughts that are left unsaid
B) Children's ability to talk to themselves while playing
C) The expression of literate behaviours
D) The silent speech that becomes part of our thought processes

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When children are exposed to fantasy in books, they are engaging in contextualized language experiences.

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For early learning teachers, sometimes just pausing (waiting) before speaking will cause the child to lose interest in conversation.

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Metacommunication is when children communicate about how an interaction will take place.

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Why do you think it is important for early learning teachers and children to celebrate children's cultural backgrounds and various languages?

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Creating a community culture that supports language of literacy refers to the:


A) Different languages spoken at home by the children
B) Different ethnic backgrounds of the children
C) Predominate culture in the program
D) Literacy-rich environment

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According to Weitzman and Greenberg's (2002) teacher roles, which of the following is a role that will limit children's conversations?


A) The responsive partner role
B) The director role
C) The script keeper role
D) The performer role

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During the Stages of Literacy development, "graphemes" refer to:


A) Letters that represent a sound during the pre-reading stage
B) Babbling during the pre-reading stage
C) The letter-sound correspondence rule during the decoding stage
D) Understanding words by their graphic representations during the construction/reconstruction stage

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Morphology refers to a set of grammatical rules that include word order and the use of inflections.

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Generally, there are two approaches to reading that reflect different philosophies and stress different skills known as:


A) Diction and Dictation
B) Phonics and Whole Language
C) Expressive and Receptive Language
D) Oral and Written Language

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An appropriate book to read to preschool children would have which of the following characteristics?


A) Not too long, bright illustrations, and free from stereotypes
B) Content that is beyond their developmental level
C) Has characters that depict stereotypical roles
D) There are mostly words and not pictures

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Stradler and Ward (2005) identified that children go through five levels in the development of narratives. They are:


A) Labeling, listing, connecting, sequencing, narrating
B) Listening, connecting, sharing, responding, writing
C) Imitating, imagining, interacting, interest, involvement
D) Symbolism, fantasy, motivating, exploring, discovery

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Decontextualized language is language described as:


A) Found in other contexts
B) Connected to daily activities
C) In the here-and-now
D) Removed from the here-and-now

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Describe a long-term unit to support preschool children's language and literacy development that fits with a holistic approach rather than one focused on phonics or whole language.

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One of the most successful strategies to promote emergent literacy skills amongst preschool children is:


A) Show-and-tell activities
B) Reading books to children
C) Practising penmanship
D) Worksheets

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McVicker (2007) identified three modes of reader response for preschoolers. They are:


A) Observing, waiting, and listening
B) Interest, understanding, and symbolism
C) Imitation, imagination, and interaction
D) Representation, construction, and written response

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According to Feeney, Moravcik, and Nolte (2013) 's adapted Stages of Language Development, a child who is in the Holophrases stage will be:


A) Using two words to express ideas that relate
B) Engaging in pseudo-language and babble to mimic the language that they hear
C) Making and responding to sounds
D) Using words that stand in for a variety of meaningful sentences

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How might an early learning teacher support children who are learning English as a second language.

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