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William Penn founded modern probation in Massachusetts.

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Parole is a control valve mechanism that mitigates the flow of inmates sent directly to the jail.

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Discuss the purpose of fines as intermediate sanctions. Why are fines utilized as a form of punishment?

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A fine can be defined as a monetary pena...

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The ______ stage is when a judge requires either that the offender be incarcerated or, as in many cases where the violation is minor, that the offender continue his or her probation sentence but under more restrictive terms.


A) hearing
B) sentencing
C) preliminary
D) secondary

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The first stage in a revocation proceeding is the preliminary hearing.

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Which intermediate sanction reviews vocational training, life skills training, and psychological/psychiatric issues?


A) injunctive measures
B) economic measures
C) education-related measures
D) incarceration measures

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Physical violations are actions that do not comply with the conditions and requirements of a probationer's sentence, as articulated by the court that acted as the sentencing authority.

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In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that all of the requirements for parole revocation proceedings noted in Morrissey also applied to revocation proceedings dealing with probationers?


A) Vitek v. Jones
B) Gagnon v. Scarpelli
C) Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole v. Scott
D) United States v. Knights

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John Augustus is often recognized as the Father of Modern Probation.

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True

What is the most common sanction administered throughout the United States?


A) parole
B) probation
C) incarceration
D) death

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Most offenders convicted of a criminal offense are assessed a fine as a punishment for committing the offense.

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What are criminal offenders who have been sentenced to a period of correctional supervision in lieu of incarceration?


A) probationers
B) parolees
C) civil slaves
D) none of these

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A

Probation is the most common sentence for violent criminal offenders.

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______ are treatment facilities to which offenders are required to report, usually on a daily basis.


A) Day reporting centers
B) Night reporting centers
C) Abuse shelters
D) Weekend confinement

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Explain the role of a probation officers. What are the different types of parole officers?

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Probation offers a dual role: law enforc...

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The most widely used form of intermediate sanctioning is community service.

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What types of electronic monitoring systems have a higher rate of false alarms?


A) continental
B) active
C) passive
D) telephonic

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The rate of probation absconders has, during the past decade, slightly increased from 9% to 10% and indicates a general need for improved methods of security for probationers.

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How does probation influence jurisdiction?

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When defense attorneys and their defenda...

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What is intensive supervision probation (ISP) and which offenders should enter the program?

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Intensive supervision probation (ISP) is...

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