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Values, morals, and beliefs are all part of one's culture.

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The primary difference between selling to the profit-oriented market and the nonprofit market is that nonprofits ________.


A) generally opt for a new purchase rather than a straight or modified rebuy
B) have a more rational decision process
C) place more emphasis on their business goals than performance specifications
D) have a limited number of resources compared to their for-profit counterparts
E) entail purchase decisions that often include an emotional component to them

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________ occurs when information is processed and added to long-term memory.


A) Learning
B) Cognitive dissonance
C) Formalization
D) Data mining
E) Repositioning

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In the purchase process, the purpose of outlining product specifications is ________.


A) to identify purchase agents who are experts at preparing a request for proposal
B) to guide potential suppliers
C) to ensure people buy the product
D) to clearly and concisely present the timeline for the steps leading to the final decision
E) to ensure that the customer has accepted the value proposition

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Mike and Judy find out they are going to have a baby and realize their Infiniti G coupe has to be replaced with a more practical vehicle. They engage in a thorough information search by reviewing car magazines, soliciting opinions from friends and family, conducting online research, reading consumer reports, and test-driving a number of new cars and SUVs before making a final purchase decision. This is an example of extensive information search.

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Keeping your hands in your pockets and looking at the clock are examples of positive nonverbal communication.

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The two fundamental approaches to learning are ________.


A) coaching and listening
B) trial and error and coaching
C) coaching and conditioning
D) conditioning and cognitive learning
E) conditioning and trial and error

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________ criteria are a set of analyses and metrics grouped together to assess the cost of ownership.


A) Financial
B) Service
C) Transactional
D) End user
E) Value

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An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way. Attitudes are seldom if ever neutral.

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Companies like Home Depot sell to the B2B market and B2C market out of the same store. This puts the company in the category of a(n) ________.


A) gatekeeper
B) reseller
C) out supplier
D) market maven
E) cottage industry

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Attitudes are learned or at least influenced by ________.


A) new information
B) customer touch points
C) behavioral segmentation
D) motivation
E) formalization

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Internal factors affecting consumer choices include personal characteristics and psychological attributes.

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James is highly influenced by his work environment. He will most likely ________.


A) go for a vacation at the same places as his coworkers
B) avoid vacationing at the same places as his coworkers
C) make different purchase decisions from his coworkers
D) shop in locations that are not preferred by his coworkers
E) wear clothes that set him apart from his coworkers

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Mary pretends that she has a three-bedroom house with a minivan in the driveway, even though she lives in an apartment and takes the train to work. The three-bedroom house reflects Mary's real state.

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________ is a set of unique personal qualities that produce distinctive responses across similar situations.


A) Attitude
B) Personality
C) Ideology
D) Lifestyle
E) Mind-set

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Alma and Tarvares see an ad for a new Sony LCD flat-panel television. Alma sees the ad as a high-quality television worth the money while Tarvares sees the ad as an overpriced television that does not warrant a premium price. What makes them see the same ad so differently?


A) acceleration factors
B) degrees of affiliation
C) cognitive dissonance
D) perception
E) formalization

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When people are concerned about the outcome of a process, they will spend more time acquiring information about product options and become more emotionally connected to the process and the decision by engaging in ________.


A) high-involvement purchase
B) high-involvement learning
C) low-involvement purchase
D) limited information search
E) minimal information search

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The nature of B2B markets requires ________.


A) impersonal communication at regular intervals through mediums such as direct mail
B) investment of more resources primarily on service sectors
C) organizations to invest more on consumers than suppliers to maintain their business
D) a more personal relationship between the buyer and seller than in B2C markets
E) companies to focus primarily on selling products that end up as components for finished goods

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Perception drives a person's attitudes, beliefs, motivation, and, eventually, his or her ________.


A) values
B) self-esteem
C) performance
D) behavior
E) attention

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It is said that B2B demand is more ________ in general than B2C demand for products or services.


A) elastic
B) bimodal
C) inelastic
D) systemic
E) variable

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