Question 1

The insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite
B)  ​myelin sheath
C)  ​cell body or soma
D)  presynaptic terminal

Question 2

The idea that a neuron's membrane is polarized refers to a difference in electrical potential between ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  the axons and the dendrites
B)  ​the axon hillock and the cell body
C)  ​sodium ions and potassium ions
D)  the inside and the outside of the membrane

Question 3

The membrane of a neuron is composed of ____ with ____ embedded in them.​

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates; purines
B)  ​fat molecules; proteins
C)  ​proteins; neurotransmitters
D)  benzene molecules; carbohydrates

Question 4

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins
B)  ​site where the cell synthesizes new protein molecules
C)  ​structure that separates the inside of the cell from the outside
D)  structure that contains the chromosomes

Question 5

When a neuron's membrane is at rest,the concentration gradient tends to move potassium ____ the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it ____ the cell.​

Accepted Answer

A)  into; into
B)  ​into; out of
C)  ​out of; into
D)  out of; out of

Question 6

When a membrane is at rest,what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?​

Accepted Answer

A)  an electrical gradient
B)  ​a concentration gradient
C)  ​both an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient
D)  neither an electrical gradient nor a concentration gradient

Question 7

At the resting potential,the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The resting potential is mainly the result of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  negatively charged proteins inside the cell
B)  ​positively charged proteins inside the cell
C)  ​negatively charged proteins outside the cell
D)  positively charged proteins outside the cell

Question 9

Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Ribosomes are the part of a cell that ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  performs metabolic activities
B)  ​breaks down harmful chemicals
C)  ​transports proteins
D)  synthesizes new proteins

Question 11

Small,charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion
B)  ​ribosomes
C)  ​mitochondria
D)  protein channels

Question 12

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?​

Accepted Answer

A)  the endoplasmic reticulum
B)  ​a ribosome
C)  ​a mitochondrion
D)  the membrane

Question 13

The concentration gradient for potassium tends to ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  draw potassium into the cell
B)  ​push chloride out of the cell
C)  ​push sodium out of the cell
D)  push potassium out of the cell

Question 14

Glial cells transmit information across long distances.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  large, uncharged molecules, such as lactose
B)  ​large, charged molecules
C)  ​neurotransmitters, such as dopamine
D)  molecules that can dissolve in the fats of the capillary walls

Question 16

If you were to accidentally touch a hot stove with your hand,you would quickly pull your hand away.The information carried to the muscles in your arm to make them contract was carried by ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  efferent neurons
B)  ​afferent neurons
C)  ​intrinsic neurons
D)  sensory neurons

Question 17

What mechanism prevents or slows some chemicals from entering the brain,while allowing others to enter?​

Accepted Answer

A)  a threshold
B)  ​a blood-brain barrier
C)  ​an endoplasmic wall
D)  a differential-drug inhibitor

Question 18

Electrical gradients lead to the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  general movement of ions into the neuron
B)  ​general movement of ions out of the neuron
C)  ​movement of ions to areas having the same electrical charges
D)  movement of ions to areas having opposite electrical charges

Question 19

What do neurons have that other cells do not?​

Accepted Answer

A)  a plasma membrane
B)  ​large, branching extensions
C)  ​protein channels
D)  an endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  interpeduncular nuclei
B)  ​nodes of Ranvier
C)  ​myelin synapses
D)  presynaptic terminals

Exam 1: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Small,charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do neurons have that other cells do not?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membrane of a neuron is composed of ____ with ____ embedded in them.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What mechanism prevents or slows some chemicals from entering the brain,while allowing others to enter?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a neuron's membrane is at rest,the concentration gradient tends to move potassium ____ the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it ____ the cell.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the resting potential,the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a membrane is at rest,what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribosomes are the part of a cell that ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The resting potential is mainly the result of ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Electrical gradients lead to the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were to accidentally touch a hot stove with your hand,you would quickly pull your hand away.The information carried to the muscles in your arm to make them contract was carried by ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration gradient for potassium tends to ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that a neuron's membrane is polarized refers to a difference in electrical potential between ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glial cells transmit information across long distances.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small,charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through ____.

Correct Answer
verified

What do neurons have that other cells do not?

Correct Answer
verified

The membrane of a neuron is composed of with embedded in them.

Correct Answer
verified

What mechanism prevents or slows some chemicals from entering the brain,while allowing others to enter?

Correct Answer
verified

When a neuron's membrane is at rest,the concentration gradient tends to move potassium the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it the cell.

Correct Answer
verified

The insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually ____.

Correct Answer
verified

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?

Correct Answer
verified

At the resting potential,the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed.

Correct Answer
verified

When a membrane is at rest,what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Ribosomes are the part of a cell that ____.

Correct Answer
verified

The resting potential is mainly the result of ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape.

Correct Answer
verified

Electrical gradients lead to the ____.

Correct Answer
verified

If you were to accidentally touch a hot stove with your hand,you would quickly pull your hand away.The information carried to the muscles in your arm to make them contract was carried by ____.

Correct Answer
verified

The concentration gradient for potassium tends to ____.

Correct Answer
verified

The idea that a neuron's membrane is polarized refers to a difference in electrical potential between ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Glial cells transmit information across long distances.

Correct Answer
verified

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____.

Correct Answer
verified