Question 1

According to temperament researchers, which statement is correct about inhibited children?

Accepted Answer

A)   They will grow up to be shy adults.
B)   They are born with a predisposed tendency for anxiety to novelty.
C)   At least half of all American children can be identified as "inhibited."
D)   They cannot be identified until about the age of five.

Question 2

A strength of the biological approach is that

Accepted Answer

A)   it has succeeded in identifying specific parameters for psychologists who want to change behavior.
B)   there seems to be no limit to psychologists' ability to test for biological factors.
C)   most of its advocates are medical doctors with an interest in treating disease.
D)   it makes a variety of suggestions for personality change.

Question 3

According to Eysenck's original model, which of the following is true about extraverts?

Accepted Answer

A)   They generally have a high level of cortical arousal.
B)   They have learned through early experiences to enjoy social events.
C)   They generally have a low level of cortical arousal.
D)   They are low in neuroticism.

Question 4

Trina is slow to warm up to a new task. Rather than jumping right into a new assignment, she spends a great deal of time getting prepared and trying to understand the entire project. Because of her temperament, Trina usually falls behind the other students in her third-grade class. According to the goodness of fit model, Trina's teacher should

Accepted Answer

A)   work with Trina to overcome her slow-to-warm-up style.
B)   adapt her teaching to meet Trina's style of learning.
C)   give Trina less work to do, even if this means Trina learns less than the other students.
D)   allow Trina to take the work home with her to finish it all.

Question 5

Cross-cultural research on Eysenck's model of personality tends to find

Accepted Answer

A)   patterns similar to those found in America, but only in European countries.
B)   extraversion-introversion scores vary considerably depending on the child-rearing practices in the culture.
C)   the same three dimensions of personality across cultures.
D)   evidence to support a biological basis for extraversion-introversion, but not the other dimensions in the model.

Question 6

Proponents of evolutionary personality theory use the process of natural selection to explain universal human characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Sarah is a grade school teacher faced with a variety of student capabilities in her class. According to the goodness of fit model, a good teaching strategy for Sarah would be

Accepted Answer

A)   to focus on the students with high ability and request they assist the others.
B)   to present lessons and assignments that fit with what her students enjoy.
C)   to optimize learning by matching assignments and tasks with individual students' learning styles.
D)   to ignore different temperaments and hold high academic standards for all.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about people who are low on the dimension of behavior approach (BAS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   They respond to rewards with great pleasure.
B)   They learn to balance the rewards they receive with the punishments.
C)   They are less likely to become angry over falling short in their goals.
D)   They approach new situations with great caution.

Question 9

According to evolutionary personality theory, psychological mechanisms

Accepted Answer

A)   evolved because they were needed for survival.
B)   helped the species survive and reproduce.
C)   are identical in all people.
D)   were once useful, but no longer are.

Question 10

Researchers measured children's fear of unfamiliar situations at 21 months and again at four years of age. When the children were brought back to the laboratory at five and a half years, the researchers found

Accepted Answer

A)   that children who were inhibited earlier displayed more risky behavior when playing a ball-tossing game.
B)   that children who were inhibited earlier displayed more risky behavior when playing on a mattress in a falling game.
C)   that children who were inhibited at 21 months and four years again clung to their mother or father as before.
D)   that children who were uninhibited at 21 months and four years began to cling to their mother or father at five and a half years. C

Question 11

According to evolutionary personality theory, anxiety is

Accepted Answer

A)   the result of natural selection.
B)   a positive emotion.
C)   no longer useful to human beings.
D)   learned. A

Question 12

To get higher grades and better evaluations from teachers students should

Accepted Answer

A)   have a temperament that matches the teacher's expectations.
B)   match their interests to the teacher's interests and focus.
C)   have a temperament that leads to strong attention to details.
D)   have a temperament that supports moral values.

Question 13

Some psychologists argue that we should utilize different learning procedures to meet the needs of each student's temperament. This approach is based on which model?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eysenck's model of personality
B)   The five-factor model
C)   The "goodness of fit" model
D)   Evolutionary personality model C

Question 14

Scales designed to measure BAS and BIS correlate with measures of extraversion and introversion, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In a review of research it was estimated that ________ children are seven times more likely to suffer from social anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibited
B)   impulsive
C)   uninhibited
D)   fearless

Question 16

Donna is a very shy seven-year-old. Research suggests that when she was only a few years old, Donna was probably anxious about

Accepted Answer

A)   meeting people.
B)   being separated from her mother.
C)   loud noises.
D)   novel situations.

Question 17

People who are easily upset or have a quick temper are high in emotionality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the text, the growing acceptance of the several biological influences on personality is

Accepted Answer

A)   a reflection of the decline of psychoanalysis in academic psychology.
B)   partly due to a return to the notion of the blank slate.
C)   a reflection of behaviorism's decline in academic psychology.
D)   due to computer technology of the late 20th century.

Question 19

Which of the following has been found by researchers examining cerebral asymmetry?

Accepted Answer

A)   When most people experience positive emotions, they have higher levels of electrical activity in their right hemisphere.
B)   Most people have more electrical activity in the left hemisphere than the right hemisphere.
C)   Changes in electrical activity can be detected when people experience negative emotions, but not when they experience positive emotions.
D)   Differences in hemispheric activity levels can be detected in children less than one year old.

Question 20

In a study of college students with no history of emotional disturbance, students with higher right hemisphere activation were

Accepted Answer

A)   less likely to experience their first depressive episode.
B)   more likely to experience their first depressive episode.
C)   made depressed by the researchers.
D)   less likely to experience pleasure about routine

Exam 9: The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

According to temperament researchers, which statement is correct about inhibited children?

Correct Answer
verified

A strength of the biological approach is that

Correct Answer
verified

According to Eysenck's original model, which of the following is true about extraverts?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Cross-cultural research on Eysenck's model of personality tends to find

Correct Answer
verified

Proponents of evolutionary personality theory use the process of natural selection to explain universal human characteristics.

Correct Answer
verified

Sarah is a grade school teacher faced with a variety of student capabilities in her class. According to the goodness of fit model, a good teaching strategy for Sarah would be

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true about people who are low on the dimension of behavior approach (BAS) ?

Correct Answer
verified

According to evolutionary personality theory, psychological mechanisms

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers measured children's fear of unfamiliar situations at 21 months and again at four years of age. When the children were brought back to the laboratory at five and a half years, the researchers found

Correct Answer
verified
C

According to evolutionary personality theory, anxiety is

Correct Answer
verified
A

To get higher grades and better evaluations from teachers students should

Correct Answer
verified

Some psychologists argue that we should utilize different learning procedures to meet the needs of each student's temperament. This approach is based on which model?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Scales designed to measure BAS and BIS correlate with measures of extraversion and introversion, respectively.

Correct Answer
verified

In a review of research it was estimated that ________ children are seven times more likely to suffer from social anxiety disorder.

Correct Answer
verified

Donna is a very shy seven-year-old. Research suggests that when she was only a few years old, Donna was probably anxious about

Correct Answer
verified

People who are easily upset or have a quick temper are high in emotionality.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the text, the growing acceptance of the several biological influences on personality is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following has been found by researchers examining cerebral asymmetry?

Correct Answer
verified

In a study of college students with no history of emotional disturbance, students with higher right hemisphere activation were

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

According to temperament researchers, which statement is correct about inhibited children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A strength of the biological approach is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Eysenck's original model, which of the following is true about extraverts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cross-cultural research on Eysenck's model of personality tends to find

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proponents of evolutionary personality theory use the process of natural selection to explain universal human characteristics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah is a grade school teacher faced with a variety of student capabilities in her class. According to the goodness of fit model, a good teaching strategy for Sarah would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about people who are low on the dimension of behavior approach (BAS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to evolutionary personality theory, psychological mechanisms

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers measured children's fear of unfamiliar situations at 21 months and again at four years of age. When the children were brought back to the laboratory at five and a half years, the researchers found

Correct AnswerverifiedC

According to evolutionary personality theory, anxiety is

Correct AnswerverifiedA

To get higher grades and better evaluations from teachers students should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychologists argue that we should utilize different learning procedures to meet the needs of each student's temperament. This approach is based on which model?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Scales designed to measure BAS and BIS correlate with measures of extraversion and introversion, respectively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a review of research it was estimated that ________ children are seven times more likely to suffer from social anxiety disorder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Donna is a very shy seven-year-old. Research suggests that when she was only a few years old, Donna was probably anxious about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are easily upset or have a quick temper are high in emotionality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, the growing acceptance of the several biological influences on personality is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has been found by researchers examining cerebral asymmetry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study of college students with no history of emotional disturbance, students with higher right hemisphere activation were

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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A

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C

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