Exam 18: Foreign Policy and Democracy

A) NATO
B) NAFTA
C) GATT
D) the Warsaw Pact
E) WTO

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A) The World Trade Organization was founded in 1995.
B) The World Trade Organization is a forum for enforcing international rules promoting free trade.
C) The United States dropped out of the World Trade Organization in 2004 over a disagreement about steel tariffs.
D) The World Trade Organization has had multiple controversies over agricultural subsidies.
E) The World Trade Organization grew out of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

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A) history has shown that only democratic nation-states respond well to deterrence.
B) deterrence has been made illegal under international law.
C) terrorist groups are nonstate actors who may believe that their lack of a fixed geographic location prevents their targets from retaliating militarily.
D) terrorist groups do not yet have access to nuclear weapons.
E) terrorist groups do not typically enter into negotiations with nation-states.

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A) the creation of the Department of Homeland Security
B) the appointment of Donald Rumsfeld as the secretary of Defense
C) the appointment of a national intelligence "czar"
D) the placing of the FBI and the CIA into the same federal department
E) the firing of Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld

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C

A) The budget and personnel at the State Department has been drastically cut since the end of the Cold War.
B) Presidents often use military or political leaders outside the State Department during a crisis.
C) The United States has closed down embassies in many nations since the mid-1990s.
D) The United States has limited the amount of meetings the president has with foreign ambassadors.
E) Foreign ambassadors demand much more from the U.S. president than in the past.

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B

A) Except for the president, the influence of players and makers varies from case to case.
B) It is best to evaluate other actors and factors as they interact with the president.
C) The reason influence varies from case to case is that each case arises under different conditions and with different time constraints.
D) Foreign policy experts will usually disagree about the level of influence any player or type of player has on policy making.
E) The influence or power of the president varies depending on the particular country or group of countries in question.

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A) The Constitution gives most of the foreign policy authority to Congress.
B) Congress is regularly called upon to approve financing of foreign policies.
C) Since the beginning of the Cold War, the president has delegated large amounts of foreign policy authority to Congress.
D) The extensive use of executive agreements in foreign policy requires Senate approval.
E) Congress is the only branch that can declare war.

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A) diplomacy
B) security policy
C) trade policy
D) military policy
E) Social Security

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A) ethnic groups
B) economic groups
C) environmental groups
D) human rights groups
E) diplomatic groups

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A) its citizens must share a common political authority.
B) its citizens must share a common cultural experience.
C) it must be recognized by other sovereignties as a nation-state.
D) it must be a member of the United Nations.
E) it must have a government and fixed border.

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A) did not include any provisions to limit carbon emissions.
B) did not require other countries to protect basic human rights.
C) would threaten American national security.
D) would be too harmful to American national economic interests.
E) did not go far enough in limiting carbon emissions.

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A) provides loans and facilitates a short flow of money to countries in need.
B) sets a single monetary instrument that governs international monetary exchange.
C) was dismantled in 1965.
D) is limited in its ability to loan money to developing countries.
E) was set up to provide for long-term money flow to developing countries.

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Answered by ExamLex AI

Governments have used a variety of tools to conduct foreign policy, including military force, economic sanctions, trade agreements, and diplomatic negotiations. Diplomacy plays a crucial role in foreign policy by facilitating communication and negotiation between countries, helping to resolve conflicts, and promoting cooperation and understanding. The United Nations, since its creation in 1945, has had a significant influence on global affairs. It serves as a forum for international cooperation, peacekeeping, and humanitarian efforts, and its member states work together to address global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and human rights violations. The United States has used multilateral treaties and organizations to pursue its foreign policy objectives by forming alliances and partnerships with other countries to address common security and economic interests. For example, the U.S. has been a key member of NATO, the World Trade Organization, and the United Nations, using these platforms to advance its national security and economic goals while also promoting international cooperation and stability. Overall, governments use a combination of tools, including diplomacy, international organizations, and multilateral agreements, to advance their foreign policy objectives and promote their national interests on the global stage.

A) trade treaty between Mexico, Canada, and the United States designed to lower and eliminate tariffs.
B) executive agreement between the United States and the other nations of North and Central America, giving one another most favored-nation trade status.
C) treaty between the United States, Canada, and Mexico pledging a unified strategy regarding trade with Asia and Europe.
D) executive agreement reducing trade and immigration barriers throughout North America.
E) trade treaty between the United States and Canada designed to make it easier to sell U.S. products in Canada.

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A) demands democracy from other countries while not allowing true democracy in its own political system.
B) claims to support the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade but will not support the World Trade Organization.
C) pursues a policy of isolationism while also asking other countries to pursue a policy of appeasement.
D) preaches against free trade to others while keeping open, unregulated markets at home.
E) preaches free trade to others while still offering subsidies to its own farmers.

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A) an early version of the Bush doctrine.
B) no different than a policy of isolationism.
C) no different than a policy of preventive war.
D) no different than a policy of appeasement.
E) midway between preventive war and appeasement.

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A) director of the CIA
B) secretary of the Treasury
C) secretary of Defense
D) secretary of Veterans Affairs
E) national security adviser

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A) the original blueprint for the United Nations
B) an early attempt to establish a military alliance between North America and western Europe
C) the economic recovery package of aid from the United States to western Europe after World War II
D) aid to rebuild the Japanese economy along capitalist lines after World War II
E) aid to rebuild the Iraqi economy after the Persian Gulf War

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