Question 1

________ occurs when electoral districts are drawn so that one group or party is unfairly advantaged.

Accepted Answer

A)   Disenfranchisement
B)   Gerrymandering
C)   Busing
D)   Logrolling
E)   Redlining

Question 2

California Proposition 209 was designed to

Accepted Answer

A)   outlaw all affirmative action programs in state and local government.
B)   achieve representativeness in California universities by instituting a quota system for admissions.
C)   include sexual orientation in the state's affirmative action programs.
D)   prevent unauthorized immigrants from benefiting from state affirmative action programs.
E)   redraw congressional districts to ensure more minority representation in Congress.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   The justices outlawed de facto segregation.
B)   The justices outlawed de jure segregation.
C)   The justices allowed school systems to desegregate "with all deliberate speed."
D)   The justices upheld the separate but equal doctrine.
E)   The justices decided not to use the strict scrutiny test.

Question 4

What did the justices rule in Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Racially restrictive covenants on housing could not be enforced by courts.
B)   Universities and professional schools had to desegregate.
C)   Public universities were required to admit women, but private colleges could still segregate on the basis of gender.
D)   Busing in order to integrate public schools was unconstitutional.
E)   Busing in order to integrate public schools was constitutional.

Question 5

Which of the following are names of Latino civil rights organizations?

Accepted Answer

A)   G.I. Forum, LULAC, and MALDEF
B)   NOW, NARAL, and Emily's List
C)   NRA, AARP, and WWF
D)   NRDC, NAACP, and ACLU
E)   NCAA, MLB, and NFL

Question 6

Title IX of the 1972 Education Act has had its greatest effect on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   college recruiting
B)   university athletic programs
C)   school busing
D)   religious freedom on campus
E)   school integration

Question 7

The rights of disabled individuals to both access public businesses and not be discriminated against in employment are guaranteed by

Accepted Answer

A)   the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
B)   the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
C)   the amended Civil Rights Act of 1991.
D)   the federal courts, not laws passed by Congress.
E)   individual laws passed by state legislatures.

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT used as a way to limit the electoral influence of African Americans?

Accepted Answer

A)   poll taxes
B)   literacy tests
C)   restrictive covenants
D)   white primaries
E)   gerrymandering

Question 9

During World War II, ________ forced federal officials to address discriminatory hiring practices by threatening massive labor marches on Washington, D.C.

Accepted Answer

A)   Thurgood Marshall
B)   A. Philip Randolph
C)   Martin Luther King, Jr.
D)   Harry Truman
E)   Rosa Parks

Question 10

During the late nineteenth century, the equal protection clause was

Accepted Answer

A)   used as a strong tool for engineering racial equality.
B)   severely limited in scope by the Supreme Court.
C)   ruled to be unconstitutional.
D)   more strongly defended by individual states than by the federal government.
E)   not implemented because of a lack of tax revenue.

Question 11

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to

Accepted Answer

A)   protect African Americans from discrimination in public accommodations such as hotels and theaters.
B)   protect African Americans against disenfranchisement in the voting booth.
C)   expand the protections of the Fourteenth Amendment to recent Asian immigrants.
D)   restore civil rights to former Confederate soldiers and sympathizers.
E)   protect women against disenfranchisement in the voting booth.

Question 12

Which of the following did the President's Commission on Civil Rights NOT discuss in its report, To Secure These Rights?

Accepted Answer

A)   the extent of the problem of racial discrimination
B)   the result of experiments with racial integration in the armed forces during World War II
C)   the consequences of affirmative action in university admissions on African Americans
D)   a proposal to tie civil rights legislation to the commerce power of Congress
E)   a proposal to use the treaty power as a source of authority for civil rights legislation

Question 13

Which of the following statements about gender equality is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Women currently make up a larger percentage of college students than men.
B)   Women currently make up a smaller percentage of representatives in state legislatures than men.
C)   Women currently make up a smaller percentage of representatives in Congress than men.
D)   The percentage of female representatives in state legislatures has declined over the last 20 years.
E)   The percentage of female representatives in Congress has increased over the last 30 years.

Question 14

How did the Supreme Court justices justify their decision to strike down the use of white primaries in the southern states?

Accepted Answer

A)   The justices claimed that the practice infringed upon Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce.
B)   The justices claimed that parties were "an agency of the State," and therefore any practice of discrimination against blacks was a violation of the Fifteenth Amendment.
C)   The justices claimed that separate but equal elections were inherently unequal and therefore a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
D)   The justices claimed that only the federal government had the authority to conduct primaries under the Constitution.
E)   The justices claimed that the practice violated the reserved powers clause of the Tenth Amendment.

Question 15

The ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Accepted Answer

A)   established the separate but equal rule.
B)   upheld the Civil Rights Act of 1875.
C)   declared that segregation by race was unconstitutional.
D)   ruled that the equal protection clause did not cover private acts of discrimination.
E)   ruled that the equal protection clause applied only to the federal government and not to state governments.

Question 16

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

Accepted Answer

A)   was a valuable tool for the women's movement in the 1960s and 1970s because it prohibited gender discrimination.
B)   was a valuable tool for the women's movement in the 1960s and 1970s because it added the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution.
C)   significantly hurt the women's movement in the 1960s and 1970s because it only outlawed discrimination on the basis of race.
D)   significantly hurt the women's movement in the 1960s and 1970s because it required government to treat men and women differently in many areas of public policy.
E)   had no effect on the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s.

Question 17

What are the goals of affirmative action? Why has it been so controversial? Where has affirmative action been practiced? Describe some of the prominent Supreme Court decisions associated with affirmative action.

Accepted Answer

The goals of affirmative action are to p...

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the federal courts' trend toward school desegregation in the 1990s?

Accepted Answer

A)   The courts increased the federal supervision of local school desegregation.
B)   The courts decreased the federal supervision of local school desegregation.
C)   The courts continued the active use of busing.
D)   The courts ordered the withdrawal of federal education funds from school districts that did not combat de facto segregation.
E)   The courts ordered the federal government to dramatically increase the amount of money spent on integrating public schools.

Question 19

Women were guaranteed the right to vote with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, which was ratified in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   1820
B)   1880
C)   1900
D)   1920
E)   1970

Question 20

Which of the following statements best describes the number of peaceful civil rights demonstrations during the 1950s and 1960s?

Accepted Answer

A)   The most demonstrations were held in the mid-1950s, and the number of demonstrations declined throughout the 1960s.
B)   There were almost no demonstrations prior to 1968.
C)   The number of demonstrations grew in the early 1960s and peaked in 1965.
D)   There were many demonstrations in the mid-1950s and many demonstrations in the late 1960s, but none in between.
E)   There were almost no demonstrations during the 1950s and 1960s.

Exam 5: Civil Rights

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to

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During World War II, ________ forced federal officials to address discriminatory hiring practices by threatening massive labor marches on Washington, D.C.

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Which of the following statements about gender equality is FALSE?

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________ occurs when electoral districts are drawn so that one group or party is unfairly advantaged.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ?

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During the late nineteenth century, the equal protection clause was

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The rights of disabled individuals to both access public businesses and not be discriminated against in employment are guaranteed by

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The ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

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How did the Supreme Court justices justify their decision to strike down the use of white primaries in the southern states?

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Title IX of the 1972 Education Act has had its greatest effect on ________.

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California Proposition 209 was designed to

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Which of the following are names of Latino civil rights organizations?

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Which of the following was NOT used as a way to limit the electoral influence of African Americans?

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Women were guaranteed the right to vote with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, which was ratified in ________.

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What did the justices rule in Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) ?

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What are the goals of affirmative action? Why has it been so controversial? Where has affirmative action been practiced? Describe some of the prominent Supreme Court decisions associated with affirmative action.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe goals of affirmative action are to p...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the federal courts' trend toward school desegregation in the 1990s?

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Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

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Which of the following did the President's Commission on Civil Rights NOT discuss in its report, To Secure These Rights?

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Which of the following statements best describes the number of peaceful civil rights demonstrations during the 1950s and 1960s?

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The goals of affirmative action are to p...
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