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A variation of activity theory is the concept of __________-that people are constantly attempting to maintain their self-esteem and lifelong principles and practices and that they simply adjust to the feedback from the needs of others as they grow older.


A) continuity
B) similarity
C) disengagement
D) interactionism

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__________ is the number of persons of each age level within the society.


A) Age structure
B) Role structure
C) Age stratification
D) Role differentiation

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Discuss trends in aging and explain how life expectancy has changed in the United States during the 20แต—สฐ century.

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Over the past two decades,the U.S.popula...

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According to gerontologists,age is viewed differently from society to society,and its perception changes over time.Social gerontology is the study of the social (nonphysical) aspects of aging,including such topics as the societal consequences of an aging population and the personal experience of aging.

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Discuss ageism and describe the negative stereotypes associated with older persons.

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Stereotypes regarding older persons rein...

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In the eyes of contemporary western society,children are often:


A) an economic liability
B) lacking in necessary skills for many roles of society
C) required to stay in school to learn the necessary skills for future employment
D) all of the above

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If we say that somebody is getting gray hair,wrinkled skin,and is becoming forgetful,we are using which age criterion?


A) chronological
B) functional
C) sequential
D) normative

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Gerontologists Elaine Cuming and William Henry noted that __________ can be functional for both the individual and society.For example,the withdrawal of older persons from the work force provides employment opportunities for younger people.


A) conflict
B) activity
C) disorganization
D) disengagement

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Discuss inequalities related to aging.

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Chronological age is the observable individual attributes such as physical appearance,mobility,strength,coordination,and mental capacity that are used to assign people to age categories.

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Analysts examining the relationship between race/ethnicity and aging Have found that many older persons are able to find active roles:


A) within their own ethnic group
B) with volunteer groups
C) with peer group associations
D) serving as youth counselors

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According to the text's discussion of wealth,poverty,and aging:


A) older persons are getting richer at the expense of younger persons
B) older persons tend to have less wealth but more income than younger people
C) older persons tend to have more wealth but less income than younger people
D) about 30 percent of all persons over age 65 live in poverty

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Distinguish between functionalist,symbolic interactionist,and conflict perspectives on aging.

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Functionalist explanations of aging focu...

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Trace the process of aging from young and middle adulthood to late adulthood,noting the social consequences of age at each stage.

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Young adulthood,which follows adolescenc...

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According to the text,retirement:


A) involves the institutionalized separation of a person from an occupational position
B) means the end of all income other than entitlement programs such as Social Security
C) is a very positive status for most people who seldom refer to their former occupational status
D) generally occurs at about age 55

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Describe the lives of older people who live in rural areas.

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__________ is the number and type of positions available to a specific age level of people within a society.


A) Age structure
B) Role differentiation
C) Age stratification
D) Role structure

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding age in historical perspective is TRUE?


A) The concept of "childhood" has remained largely unchanged over the past two hundred years.
B) Young people are considered to be "little adults" in societies that need their physical labor.
C) In the United States, older individuals always have been devalued because they were unable to help with the work.
D) For several centuries, the age continuum has been divided into infants and toddlers, children, teenagers, and adults.

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Whether they invest their energies in grandchildren,traveling,hobbies,or new work roles,social participation among retired persons is directly related to longevity,happiness,and health.This exemplifies the __________ theory.


A) labeling
B) disengagement
C) status neutralization
D) activity

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According to __________ theory,older persons make a normal and healthy adjustment to aging when they detach themselves from their social roles and prepare for their eventual death.


A) activity
B) disengagement
C) conflict
D) disorganization

Correct Answer

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