Question 1

What did Warrington and Weiskrantz's early studies comparing explicit and implicit memory reveal?

Accepted Answer

Warrington and Weiskrantz (1970) conduct...

Question 2

If a subject read the word "dodge" in a list, and later he/she is asked to compose a sentence with the word "duck," the following sentence can be considered an example of priming ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   "I have seen a duck on my way to school"
B)   "I have to duck out of the way to avoid being hit"
C)   "Duck is a beautiful bird"
D)   "I could not touch a low-flying duck"

Question 3

Implicit memory refers to learning that is reflected in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   memory for facts, events, places in a distant past
B)   memory that is conscious
C)   the ability to perform a task that can be articulated verbally
D)   the ability to perform a task but that cannot be articulated

Question 4

According to Warrington and Weiskrantz (1970) , people with amnesia like H.M. ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   did not complete word fragments with words from the study list at the same rate as controls
B)   showed the same recall and recognition performance as controls
C)   displayed better recall and recognition performance than controls
D)   displayed worse recall and recognition performance than controls

Question 5

Explicit memory systems are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   based on language only
B)   based on language as well as on visuospatial information
C)   unique to humans
D)   unique to high end primates

Question 6

Although a person with amnesia has no recollection of having seen incomplete figures before, she or he can identify the object much more quickly on subsequent presentations, showing ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the existence of implicit memory in the absence of explicit memory
B)   the existence of explicit memory in the absence of implicit memory
C)   the intact function of the ventral pathway in amnesia
D)   the fact that memory for figures is spared in amnesia

Question 7

Mammals often live in the same environment as frogs and yet they developed explicit memories, implying a single representation of reality, because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the mammalian implicit memory systems had declined during evolution
B)   mammals need to handle a vastly higher number of potentially relevant stimuli
C)   explicit memory has more capacity than implicit memory
D)   mammals had to use the resources of a bigger brain

Question 8

________ is not part of the neural circuit for explicit memory proposed by Mishkin in 1982.

Accepted Answer

A)   The basal ganglia
B)   The hippocampus
C)   The prefrontal cortex
D)   The thalamus

Question 9

Negative priming is evidence that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit memories are formed only when shapes are attended to
B)   explicit memories are formed only when shapes are attended to
C)   memories of priming can be forgotten, like any other memory
D)   implicit memories are formed even when shapes are not attended to

Question 10

What is procedural memory? What type of memory does it rely on?

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory is a type of long-term...

Question 11

The mere exposure effect assumes that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioning is faster when the subject likes the context in which training is performed
B)   a person comes to prefer stimuli merely because she or he has been exposed to the stimulus repeatedly, paired with pleasant emotions
C)   conditioning is slower when the subject is distracted by a context she or he likes
D)   simply "talking" about a stimulus makes it easier the conditioning of the same stimulus

Question 12

In the field of classical conditioning, "savings" refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a rapid extinction of a CS-CR association after a change of the testing context
B)   a faster learning of a CS-CR association following a short training with the same association
C)   a slower learning of a CS-CR association following a short training with the same association
D)   a faster learning of a CS-CR association following extinction of the same association

Question 13

Repetition priming results from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit memory
B)   explicit memory
C)   declarative memory
D)   conscious memory

Question 14

When learning implicit pattern-learning paradigms, results consistently show _________ in response times for participants in the pattern condition across trials, indicating that the participant ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase; has learned the pattern and can anticipate which stimulus is about to be presented
B)   a decrease; has learned the pattern and can anticipate which stimulus is about to be presented
C)   an increase; has forgotten the pattern and cannot anticipate which stimulus is about to be presented
D)   a decrease; has explicitly learned the pattern and can anticipate which stimulus is about to be presented

Question 15

A(n)  ________ is a set of rules governing how a string of letters can be combined.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit memory
B)   explicit memory
C)   artificial grammar
D)   stimulus

Question 16

J.K. was in his late 70s, when he began to develop symptoms of Parkinson's disease. After a few years, he could not ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   use doorknobs and turn off his radio
B)   read the newspaper
C)   remember his date of birth
D)   remember where he had placed his car keys

Question 17

What is Mishkin's neural circuit for explicit memory? You may want to include a diagram in your answer.

Accepted Answer

Mishkin (1982) proposed a neural circuit...

Question 18

In the negative priming paradigm, subjects are slower to respond to shapes that they previously ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   were instructed to ignore
B)   were instructed to study carefully
C)   were instructed to study carefully but now have a different colour
D)   associated with negative emotions

Question 19

What is the pursuit-rotor task?

Accepted Answer

The pursuit-rotor task is a task used to...

Question 20

According to Mishkin, implicit memories do not enter consciousness because information must flow ________ for an individual to become conscious of it.

Accepted Answer

A)   from the hippocampus
B)   to the temporal lobe
C)   to the neocortex
D)   from the prefrontal cortex

Exam 5: Explicit and Implicit Memory

Implicit memory refers to learning that is reflected in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) ________ is a set of rules governing how a string of letters can be combined.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repetition priming results from ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is not part of the neural circuit for explicit memory proposed by Mishkin in 1982.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the pursuit-rotor task?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe pursuit-rotor task is a task used to...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Warrington and Weiskrantz (1970) , people with amnesia like H.M. ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mammals often live in the same environment as frogs and yet they developed explicit memories, implying a single representation of reality, because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explicit memory systems are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a subject read the word "dodge" in a list, and later he/she is asked to compose a sentence with the word "duck," the following sentence can be considered an example of priming ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is procedural memory? What type of memory does it rely on?

Correct AnswerverifiedProcedural memory is a type of long-term...View AnswerShow Answer

When learning implicit pattern-learning paradigms, results consistently show _________ in response times for participants in the pattern condition across trials, indicating that the participant ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the negative priming paradigm, subjects are slower to respond to shapes that they previously ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although a person with amnesia has no recollection of having seen incomplete figures before, she or he can identify the object much more quickly on subsequent presentations, showing ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is Mishkin's neural circuit for explicit memory? You may want to include a diagram in your answer.

Correct AnswerverifiedMishkin (1982) proposed a neural circuit...View AnswerShow Answer

What did Warrington and Weiskrantz's early studies comparing explicit and implicit memory reveal?

Correct AnswerverifiedWarrington and Weiskrantz (1970) conduct...View AnswerShow Answer

J.K. was in his late 70s, when he began to develop symptoms of Parkinson's disease. After a few years, he could not ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mere exposure effect assumes that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Negative priming is evidence that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the field of classical conditioning, "savings" refers to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Mishkin, implicit memories do not enter consciousness because information must flow ________ for an individual to become conscious of it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The pursuit-rotor task is a task used to...
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Procedural memory is a type of long-term...
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When learning implicit pattern-learning paradigms, results consistently show _ in response times for participants in the pattern condition across trials, indicating that the participant .

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Mishkin (1982) proposed a neural circuit...
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Warrington and Weiskrantz (1970) conduct...
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