Exam 45: A Defense of Abortion Judith Jarvis Thomson

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A) To save your life, he has to fly from the West Coast and spend a month at your bedside.
B) To save your life, he must give you one of his kidneys.
C) To save your life, he must walk across the room and place his cool hand on your fevered brow.
D) None of the above

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In her essay "A Defense of Abortion," Judith Jarvis Thomson discusses several different accounts of the right to life. First, she considers the "extreme view" that holds that every fetus has a right to life from the moment of conception. This view, she argues, is problematic because it fails to account for cases where a woman's life is at risk due to the pregnancy, or cases of rape or incest. Next, she discusses the "moderate view" that acknowledges a woman's right to abortion in cases where her life is at risk, but still maintains that the fetus has a right to life in other circumstances. Thomson finds this view to be more plausible, but still raises objections to it, particularly in cases where a woman has taken precautions to prevent pregnancy and still becomes pregnant. Finally, Thomson presents her own account of the right to life, which she calls the "right to life" view. This view holds that a fetus has a right to life only if it is not the result of rape, and if the woman has not taken precautions to prevent pregnancy. In cases where these conditions are not met, Thomson argues that the woman's right to bodily autonomy takes precedence over the fetus's right to life. Ultimately, Thomson does not definitively decide which account of the right to life is correct. Instead, she presents these different views and raises objections to each of them. As for whether her account is plausible, it ultimately depends on one's personal beliefs and values. Some may find Thomson's arguments compelling and agree with her conclusion that a woman's right to bodily autonomy should take precedence in certain circumstances. Others may find her account less plausible, particularly if they hold a strong belief in the inherent right to life of the fetus. Overall, Thomson's essay sparks important and complex discussions about the right to life and abortion, and her account is certainly thought-provoking.

A) no other options for that person's survival exist.
B) it only requires a slight inconvenience and poses minimum risk.
C) it only requires a slight inconvenience and poses no risk.
D) None of the above

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A) The right to secure the death of an unborn child
B) A woman's right to an abortion in all circumstances
C) A human being's right to life
D) None of the above

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Judith Jarvis Thomson's violinist exampl...

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A) The fetus is an innocent person and directly killing an innocent person is murder, which is absolutely impermissible.
B) Our moral obligations to the unborn outweigh our obligations to adult human beings.
C) We have no obligation to prevent a person from dying (the mother) , while we do have an obligation to refrain from directly killing an innocent person (the fetus) .
D) All of the above

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According to Thomson, most opposition to...

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Laws prohibiting abortion do not necessa...

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A) at the moment of birth.
B) well before birth.
C) well after birth.
D) at the moment of conception.

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A) pregnancy lasted only an hour and constituted no threat to the woman's life.
B) she had conceived the fetus by engaging in voluntary sex.
C) it could be demonstrated conclusively that the fetus has become a human person.
D) All of the above

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True

A) As the right to be guaranteed the basic means of survival
B) As the right not to be killed
C) As the right not to be killed unjustly
D) As the right to do whatever is necessary to defend oneself

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A) allows us to do anything necessary to save our lives.
B) applies only in cases in which the threatening person is guilty.
C) does not exist.
D) None of the above

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D

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