Question 1

For 30 ten-minute trials, a rat received a food pellet every other lever press. This rat was on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed interval
B)  fixed ratio
C)  variable interval
D)  variable ratio

Question 2

If an experimenter wanted to explore the conditions under which animals prefer unpredictable reinforcement schedules to predictable reinforcement schedules, the experimenter would use

Accepted Answer

A)  concurrent schedules of reinforcement.
B)  molar maximizing theories.
C)  concurrent-chain schedules of reinforcement.
D)  molecular maximizing theories.

Question 3

If pecking at key "A" results in reinforcement with a highly desirable reinforcer with a relative rate of reinforcement of 0.5, and pecking at key "B" occurs with a relative response rate of 0.2, you conclude

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a response bias for the reinforcer provided by key "B."
B)  there is a response bias for the reinforcer provided by key "A."
C)  there are necessarily other response keys.
D)  the generalized form of the matching law is incorrect.

Question 4

Your hamster presses a lever that came with its cage. After 4 presses, a food pellet is delivered; then after 6 presses another; then after 2 presses another. Based on this pattern of reinforcement you suspect that the lever was programmed with a

Accepted Answer

A)  FR 4 schedule
B)  VR 4 schedule
C)  FI 4 min schedule
D)  VI 4 min schedule

Question 5

According to molecular maximizing theories of matching,

Accepted Answer

A)  organisms always choose whichever response alternative is most likely to be reinforced at that time.
B)  organisms distribute their responses so as to maximize the amount of reinforcement they receive over the long run.
C)  the local rate of response is calculated over just the time the organism devotes to that particular response.
D)  matching is possible in the absence of momentary maximizing.

Question 6

The relative rate of responding on key "A" is determined by the equation _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ra - Rb
B)  Rb\Ra
C)  Ra  \(Ra + Rb) 
D)  Ra\(Ra - Rb)

Question 7

As a student of behavior, you have been presented with an interesting case study. A patient seems to have lost his ability to integrate positive and negative outcomes over multiple trials, and is therefore not modifying his behavioral habits. You suspect damage

Accepted Answer

A)  in the amygdala.
B)  in the striatum and associated nuclei.
C)  in the orbitofrontal cortex.
D)  in the prefrontal cortex.

Question 8

Your roommate is taking a self-paced course that requires three papers over the semester. He expected to finish all three papers in the first two weeks but, after quickly finishing the first paper three weeks ago, he has done nothing. This behavior pattern is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the partial reinforcement extinction effect.
B)  the post-reinforcement pause.
C)  the variable ratio schedule of reinforcement.
D)  the variable interval schedule of reinforcement. B

Question 9

According to the hyperbolic decay function of value discounting, when the reinforcer is delayed the value of the reinforcer

Accepted Answer

A)  remains unchanged.
B)  decreases.
C)  increases.
D)  It is impossible to tell, given this information.

Question 10

What is a reward discounting function and how is it related to the problem of self control?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a reward discounting function and...

Question 11

You notice that the pigeon in the laboratory you just entered has a particular way of pecking at the key in its cage. The pigeon seems to increase its rate of pecking towards the end of a two minute period, food is made available, and then pecking slows until the end of the next two minutes. You surmise that the pigeon is on a

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed ratio schedule.
B)  variable ratio schedule.
C)  fixed interval schedule.
D)  variable interval schedule.

Question 12

Concurrent-chain schedules of reinforcement are used to measure

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous choice behavior over time.
B)  choice behavior with commitment.
C)  partial reinforcement extinction effects.
D)  mechanisms of partial reinforcement extinction effects. B

Question 13

A subject that has mostly short inter-response times is responding at a

Accepted Answer

A)  high rate.
B)  low rate.
C)  fixed interval rate.
D)  variable interval rate.

Question 14

Describe various theoretical explanations of the matching law.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe various theoretical explanations of the matching...

Question 15

How can self-control be conditioned? Provide an example of self-control training from common human experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can self-control be conditioned? Provide an...

Question 16

With regard to instrumental conditioning, the amygdala appears to

Accepted Answer

A)  provide an index of reward magnitude.
B)  integrate positive and negative outcomes.
C)  send a go or no-go signal to execute a response.
D)  none of the above

Question 17

In a study of self control, you predict that pigeons will be more likely to choose a small reward over a large reward if

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a long delay for the small reward and a short delay for the large reward.
B)  there is a delay only for the small reward.
C)  there is a long delay for both the large and small reward.
D)  there is no delay for the small reward and a short delay for the large reward. D

Question 18

A concurrent schedule of reinforcement is used to investigate

Accepted Answer

A)  PREE.
B)  choice behavior.
C)  frustrative aggression.
D)  frustration theory.

Question 19

The difference between molar and molecular theories of matching is that

Accepted Answer

A)  molar theories focus on the response alternative most likely to be reinforced at that time, while molecular theories focus on individual choice responses.
B)  molecular theories focus on the response alternative most likely to be reinforced at that time, while molar theories focus on individual choice responses.
C)  molar theories focus on aggregates of behavior over a period of time, while molecular theories focus on individual choice responses.
D)  molecular theories focus on aggregates of behavior over a period of time, while molar theories focus on individual choice responses.

Question 20

If you wanted to ensure that your employees worked at high steady rate, on what schedule of reinforcement would you reward them? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you wanted to ensure that your...

Exam 6: Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

For 30 ten-minute trials, a rat received a food pellet every other lever press. This rat was on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct Answer
verified

If an experimenter wanted to explore the conditions under which animals prefer unpredictable reinforcement schedules to predictable reinforcement schedules, the experimenter would use

Correct Answer
verified

If pecking at key "A" results in reinforcement with a highly desirable reinforcer with a relative rate of reinforcement of 0.5, and pecking at key "B" occurs with a relative response rate of 0.2, you conclude

Correct Answer
verified

Your hamster presses a lever that came with its cage. After 4 presses, a food pellet is delivered; then after 6 presses another; then after 2 presses another. Based on this pattern of reinforcement you suspect that the lever was programmed with a

Correct Answer
verified

According to molecular maximizing theories of matching,

Correct Answer
verified

The relative rate of responding on key "A" is determined by the equation _____.

Correct Answer
verified

As a student of behavior, you have been presented with an interesting case study. A patient seems to have lost his ability to integrate positive and negative outcomes over multiple trials, and is therefore not modifying his behavioral habits. You suspect damage

Correct Answer
verified

Your roommate is taking a self-paced course that requires three papers over the semester. He expected to finish all three papers in the first two weeks but, after quickly finishing the first paper three weeks ago, he has done nothing. This behavior pattern is due to

Correct Answer
verified
B

According to the hyperbolic decay function of value discounting, when the reinforcer is delayed the value of the reinforcer

Correct Answer
verified

What is a reward discounting function and how is it related to the problem of self control?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Concurrent-chain schedules of reinforcement are used to measure

Correct Answer
verified
B

A subject that has mostly short inter-response times is responding at a

Correct Answer
verified

Describe various theoretical explanations of the matching law.

Correct Answer
verified

How can self-control be conditioned? Provide an example of self-control training from common human experience.

Correct Answer
verified

With regard to instrumental conditioning, the amygdala appears to

Correct Answer
verified

In a study of self control, you predict that pigeons will be more likely to choose a small reward over a large reward if

Correct Answer
verified
D

A concurrent schedule of reinforcement is used to investigate

Correct Answer
verified

The difference between molar and molecular theories of matching is that

Correct Answer
verified

If you wanted to ensure that your employees worked at high steady rate, on what schedule of reinforcement would you reward them? Why?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

For 30 ten-minute trials, a rat received a food pellet every other lever press. This rat was on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an experimenter wanted to explore the conditions under which animals prefer unpredictable reinforcement schedules to predictable reinforcement schedules, the experimenter would use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If pecking at key "A" results in reinforcement with a highly desirable reinforcer with a relative rate of reinforcement of 0.5, and pecking at key "B" occurs with a relative response rate of 0.2, you conclude

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your hamster presses a lever that came with its cage. After 4 presses, a food pellet is delivered; then after 6 presses another; then after 2 presses another. Based on this pattern of reinforcement you suspect that the lever was programmed with a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to molecular maximizing theories of matching,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relative rate of responding on key "A" is determined by the equation _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a student of behavior, you have been presented with an interesting case study. A patient seems to have lost his ability to integrate positive and negative outcomes over multiple trials, and is therefore not modifying his behavioral habits. You suspect damage

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your roommate is taking a self-paced course that requires three papers over the semester. He expected to finish all three papers in the first two weeks but, after quickly finishing the first paper three weeks ago, he has done nothing. This behavior pattern is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedB

According to the hyperbolic decay function of value discounting, when the reinforcer is delayed the value of the reinforcer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a reward discounting function and how is it related to the problem of self control?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Concurrent-chain schedules of reinforcement are used to measure

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A subject that has mostly short inter-response times is responding at a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe various theoretical explanations of the matching law.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can self-control be conditioned? Provide an example of self-control training from common human experience.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With regard to instrumental conditioning, the amygdala appears to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study of self control, you predict that pigeons will be more likely to choose a small reward over a large reward if

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A concurrent schedule of reinforcement is used to investigate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between molar and molecular theories of matching is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you wanted to ensure that your employees worked at high steady rate, on what schedule of reinforcement would you reward them? Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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B

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D

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