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Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.

Premises
probability
Responses
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
The physical traits of an organism
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
When one allele masks the effect of another
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
The genetic makeup of an organism
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms

Correct Answer

probability
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance

If your mother and father both have cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you inheriting only one allele for the disorder are ____. ​


A) 1/4
B) 1/2 ​
C) 3/4 ​
D) 1
E) 0

Correct Answer

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Explain why Mendel's work was groundbreaking.

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Mendel applied both the scientific metho...

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A plant of genotype CCdd is crossed to a plant of genotype ccDD; the F1 offspring are then testcrossed to a ccdd plant. If the genes are on different chromosomes, what percentage of the offspring will be ccdd ? ​


A) 10
B) 20 ​
C) 25 ​
D) 30 ​
E) 50 ​

Correct Answer

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C

____ occurs within a single plant, while ____ occurs between two plants. ​


A) A dihybrid cross; a monohybrid cross
B) Epistasis; polygenic inheritance ​
C) A testcross; cross-pollination ​
D) Self-pollination; cross-pollination ​
E) A dihybrid cross; self-pollination ​

Correct Answer

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Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.

Premises
P generation
Responses
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
The physical traits of an organism
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
The genetic makeup of an organism
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
When one allele masks the effect of another
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance

Correct Answer

The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
The physical traits of an organism
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
The genetic makeup of an organism
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
When one allele masks the effect of another
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.

Premises
phenotype
Responses
The physical traits of an organism
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
The genetic makeup of an organism
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
When one allele masks the effect of another
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits

Correct Answer

The physical traits of an organism
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
The genetic makeup of an organism
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
When one allele masks the effect of another
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits

Match the five types of allele effects listed below with the correct example.

Premises
Labrador retrievers fur color (black, chocolate brown, yellow)
Responses
incomplete dominance
polygenic inheritance
epistasis
codominance
dominance

Correct Answer

incomplete dominance
polygenic inheritance
epistasis
codominance
dominance

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.

Premises
dominance
Responses
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
The genetic makeup of an organism
The physical traits of an organism
When one allele masks the effect of another
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations

Correct Answer

The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
The genetic makeup of an organism
The physical traits of an organism
When one allele masks the effect of another
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations

A testcross is used to ____. ​


A) determine if a parent with a dominant trait is heterozygous or homozygous
B) determine which allele is dominant ​
C) determine if the progeny of an experimental cross will have a random assortment of alleles ​
D) prove an organism is true-breeding ​
E) cross an individual with a dominant phenotype with a homozygous dominant individual to prove the alleles are dominant ​

Correct Answer

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Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.

Premises
F 1 generation
Responses
The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
When one allele masks the effect of another
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
The physical traits of an organism
The genetic makeup of an organism
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus

Correct Answer

The first generation of offspring from the cross of two true-breeding parents
Any organism with 2 different alleles of a gene
An organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
The likelihood of something occurring as a matter of chance
When displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations
When different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
When one allele masks the effect of another
The allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
When one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
The result of a cross between two first-generation organisms
An F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
True-breeding plants used in an initial cross
The physical traits of an organism
The genetic makeup of an organism
When a single allele has multiple phenotypic effects
Where an allele is found on a chromosome
Any organism with 2 identical alleles of a gene
When alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus

Which notation represents a monohybrid cross?


A) RrMM * Rrmm
B) RRMM * rrmm
C) Rr * Rr ​
D) rr * RR ​
E) Rr * rr ​

Correct Answer

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You have type A blood (genotype I A i ) . Who can you donate blood to in an emergency? ​


A) type O only
B) type AB only ​
C) type A only ​
D) types A and B, not O ​
E) types A and AB ​

Correct Answer

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Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. You learn that your spouse's mother also has albinism. Neither you nor your spouse have albinism. What are the odds that your first child will have albinism? ​


A) 0
B) 1/4 ​
C) 1/2 ​
D) 3/4 ​
E) 1 ​

Correct Answer

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Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. Your father has cystic fibrosis, which is also a recessive trait. You discover that your new father-in-law has albinism and cystic fibrosis. If neither you nor your spouse has either albinism or cystic fibrosis, what are the odds that your first child will have neither albinism nor cystic fibrosis? ​


A) 1/16
B) 3/8 ​
C) 1/8 ​
D) 9/16 ​
E) 0 ​

Correct Answer

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The ability of an individual heterozygous for two different genes to produce the four possible gamete types in equal numbers reflects Mendel's Law(s) of ____. ​


A) Segregation
B) Independent Assortment ​
C) Punnett Squares ​
D) Chromosome Theory ​
E) Segregation and Independent Assortment ​

Correct Answer

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If a monohybrid cross results in 1:2:1 genotypic and phenotypic ratios  in the offspring, then which type of inheritance might be at work? ​


A) dominance
B) incomplete dominance ​
C) epistasis ​
D) pleiotropy ​
E) polygenic inheritance ​

Correct Answer

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Which notation represents a dihybrid cross? ​


A) RrMM * Rrmm
B) RRMM * rrmm ​
C) RrMm * RrMm ​
D) rrMM * RRmm ​
E) RrMm * rrmm ​

Correct Answer

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C

In pea plants, round pea texture is dominant over wrinkled texture. How can you obtain true-breeding pea plants having round peas with the least amount of work? ​


A) Cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas. Select round pea plants from the progeny because they are now true-breeding.
B) Cross plants having round peas with other plants having round peas. Do this for multiple generations. ​
C) Cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas. Select round pea plants from the progeny and do a testcross to determine which parental plants were homozygous dominant. ​
D) Cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas. This will tell you which round pea plants are homozygous dominant and are thus true-breeding. ​
E) It's not possible. You can only get true-breeding plants that have wrinkled peas. ​

Correct Answer

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If your mother and father both are healthy but carry the allele for cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you inheriting at least one allele for the disorder are ____. ​


A) 1/4
B) 1/2 ​
C) 3/4 ​
D) 1 ​
E) 0 ​

Correct Answer

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