Exam 11: Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

A) The release of pyrophosphate from a nucleoside triphosphate drives the reaction.
B) RNA is synthesized from the 5' end to the 3' end.
C) DNA to RNA base pairing includes A to U and G to C.
D) Transcription requires the use of a primer.
E) None of these

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A) The mechanism of activation of eukaryotic genes involves addition and removal of phosphate residues from some of the transcription factors.
B) In plants, there are 5 RNA polymerases.
C) RNA Pol IV is the primary RNA synthesizer in plants
D) Of the RNA Polymerases in eukaryotes, Pol II is the most extensively studied.

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A) Presence of histone remodeling complexes SWI\SNF
B) Active Histone Acetyltransferase
C) Unmethylated cytosines
D) Methylated cytosines
E) None of these

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A) They allow protein-protein interactions via hydrophobic bonds.
B) They allow protein-protein interactions via hydrogen bonds.
C) They allow protein-protein interactions via electrostatic interactions.
D) They allow protein-DNA interactions by fitting into the major groove of DNA.

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A) the start site for transcription in DNA
B) the binding site for regulatory proteins that stimulate transcription
C) the general region of DNA downstream from the start site
D) the site on DNA at which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription
E) None of these

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A) An enhancer that positively regulates gene expression.
B) An silencer that negatively regulates gene expression.
C) A binding element for the sigma ( σ ) factor.
D) A group of genes under the control of a common promoter.

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A) helix-turn-helix
B) leucine zipper
C) zinc finger
D) β− barrel

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A) open complex → closed complex → transcription initiation
B) closed complex → open complex → transcription initiation
C) open complex → transcription initiation → closed complex
D) transcription initiation → open complex → closed complex

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A) the precursor of several tRNA molecules is transcribed in one long polynucleotide sequence
B) there is little or no base modification after transcription
C) modification of the sugar moiety never takes place
D) the covalent binding of tRNA to specific proteins

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A) Core promoter
B) −35 element
C) UP element
D) Pribnow box

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A) TFIIA
B) TFIID
C) TFIIF
D) There are no transcription factors associated with elongation.

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A) Nucleoside triphosphates are the precursors for replication, but nucleoside diphosphates are used for transcription.
B) Both strands of DNA are copied in replication, but usually only one is copied in transcription.
C) Base pairing is used to copy the sequence in replication, but not in transcription.
D) The chain grows from the 5' to the 3' end in replication, but 3' to 5' in transcription.
E) None of these

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B

A) continuous production of the proteins encoded by the three structural genes
B) continuous production of the lac repressor
C) normal operation of the lac operon, but with an alteration in the proteins encoded by the lac A gene
D) no transcription from the lac operon

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A) Pol I.
B) Pol II.
C) Pol III.
D) all of these polymerases.
E) none of these polymerases

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D

A) usually contains all the enzymes which are specific for the synthesis of a special biomolecule.
B) usually does not contain all the enzymes which are specific for the synthesis of a special biomolecule.
C) usually contains only a single structural gene for a critical enzyme.
D) usually contains only a gene for a repressor.

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A) It is only involved in cleaving dsRNA from viruses
B) It is involved with processing of miRNA and siRNA
C) It uses a protein from the argonaut family
D) It unwinds dsRNA and eventually discards the passenger strand

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A) Prior to the incorporation of any nucleotides into an RNA strand.
B) After transcription begins and about 10 nucleotides have been added to the RNA chain.
C) Just prior to chain termination.
D) Never; it is an intrinsic part of the core enzyme.
E) After RNA polymerase discovers an inverted repeat

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