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In which decade did the goals of rehabilitation and reintegration give way to "risk management."


A) 1940s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s
E) 1980s

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Xiong Sun is a superior court judge who is in the process of deciding the sentences of three 18-year-old boys who were involved with a drag racing case. When the officer pulled the boys over for a traffic violation, the driver was legally drunk, the two passengers were also drunk, and there were open containers of beer in the car. Luckily, a traffic accident was avoided by the police stop. After the conviction and sentencing of the offenders involved in this case, there i s a chanc e they may commi t another  crim e i n th e nea r future , which is referred to as :


A) recidivism.
B) re-arrest.
C) life-long offender.
D) three striker.
E) chronic offending.

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Xiong Sun is a superior court judge who is in the process of deciding the sentences of three 18-year-old boys who were involved with a drag racing case. When the officer pulled the boys over for a traffic violation, the driver was legally drunk, the two passengers were also drunk, and there were open containers of beer in the car. Luckily, a traffic accident was avoided by the police stop. Passenger 1 was holding a can of beer when the officer shined his light on him, a misdemeanor in this instance.  The most likely punishment is:


A) probation.
B) parole.
C) prison.
D) prison and then parole.
E) jail and then parole.

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Passive electronic monitoring systems send constant streams of information to the receiver.

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Probation is defined as:


A) a period of forced home confinement.
B) monitored release from prison.
C) a short jail sentence.
D) supervised release under specified conditions.
E) supervised release mandated by the probation board.

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Which of the following  intermediate punishment imposes the lowest level of control upon an offender?


A) Community service
B) Home confinement
C) Jail
D) Boot camp
E) Intensive supervision probation

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Describe how probation evolved and how probation sentences are implemented today.

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Probation has evolved significantly over...

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The model that emphasizes reparations to the victim is known as:


A) local control.
B) community justice.
C) just desserts.
D) community standards.
E) community response.

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Which of the following  is an intermediate sanction administered by the community?


A) Fines
B) Day reporting centers
C) Restitution
D) Forfeiture
E) Jails

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Which of the following statements concerning intermediate sanctions is true?


A) Judges use intermediate sanctions that only require a low level of control over the offender.
B) Judges use intermediate sanctions that only require a high level of control over the offender.
C) Judges use intermediate sanctions that require no control over the offender.
D) Judges use a range of intermediate sanctions requiring a low level to high level of control over the offenders.
E) Intermediate sanctions are not used by judges.

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Offenders sentenced to community service receive small amounts of pay for their work.

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Some offenders serving home confinement are allowed to go to work or school.

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All intermediate sanctions are administered primarily by the judiciary.

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Describe intermediate sanctions, and give examples of how they are administered.

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Intermediate sanctions are a type of pun...

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RICO and CCE changed the laws regarding restitution in the 1970s.

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Which of the following statements concerning community corrections is true?


A) Community corrections receive considerable public support.
B) Community corrections suffer from the public impression that they are "soft on crime."
C) Localities have a surplus of resources for community corrections.
D) The use of community corrections is declining.
E) Community corrections always reduces recidivism.

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Many believe that boot camps have failed in their attempt to "scare offenders straight." State three reasons discussed in the text why these programs have failed. Do you believe there is a chance that such programs could be successful under changed conditions? If so, what kind of changes would you recommend?

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There are three main reasons discussed i...

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Which of the following is a type of ISP?


A) Home confinement
B) Day reporting center
C) Shock incarceration
D) Fines
E) Community service

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Fines are a preferred way of dealing with criminality and are normally the sole sanction for a wide range of crimes in what continent?


A) Europe
B) North America
C) Africa
D) South America
E) Asia

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Most states place probation services under the state's:


A) prosecutor's control.
B) bureaucratic branch.
C) legislative branch.
D) judicial branch.
E) executive branch.

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