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Exam 10: Choice Matching and Self Control

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Question 51

Multiple Choice

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Social learning theorists, such as Bandura, believe that self-reinforcement:

A) is ineffective.
B) can be effective in the same manner as external reinforcement.
C) is useful only in making the completion of a behavior more salient.
D) has a strong tendency to undermine intrinsic motivation.

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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One day, Kylie provides 80% of the verbal reinforcers during a group conversation and Justin directs 95% of his comments toward her. The next day, Kylie provides only 10% of the verbal reinforcers. Yet, Justin directs 70% of his comments toward her. Justin's behavior is an example of

A) bias.
B) melioration.
C) self-control.
D) commitment.

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Question 53

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What is bias from matching? Give an example of bias (with hypothetical proportions) that might occur on a concurrent VI 20-sec VI 30-sec schedule with response alternatives consisting of a green key and a blue key.

List four of the variables that can affect the shape of a delay function and hence the extent to which a person or animal is likely to display self-control.

What is a changeover delay (COD)? In what sense is a COD similar to a foraging situation with animals?

Concurrent schedule is to matching law as

In a concurrent schedule, the component schedules

From a behavioral perspective, self-control is an issue involving

On a concurrent VI 20-sec VI 30-sec schedule, a pigeon emits 80% of responses on the former schedule and 20% of its responses on the latter. This is an example of _________.

Bev was quite successful with her diet, while Wilf was terribly unsuccessful. One explanation for this difference is that Wilf has a(n) _____ delay function for the positive effects of dieting as compared to Bev.

Faced with a choice between two pellets of food available in 20 seconds and three pellets of food available in 30 seconds, a rat will likely choose the _____ alternative. If 18 seconds are allowed to pass, such that the rat is faced with a choice between two pellets available in 2 seconds and three pellets available in 12 seconds, the rat will most likely choose the _____ alternative.

Bias on concurrent VI schedules is an indicator of

The tendency to meliorate means that for someone who is addicted to playing video games, doing so instead of finishing homework

With the help of a graph, describe the general effect of delay on reward value.

In an experiment for Mischel's delay of gratification paradigm, children who are most successful at a delay-of-gratification task may be seen:

Difficulties with undertaking a self-improvement program include that, for most people, the hoped for outcome is:

A concurrent schedule of reinforcement consists of two or more independent schedules that are _____ available.

Evidence against the maximization theory of matching includes the fact that on concurrent VR VI schedules, pigeons show _____ responding on the _____.

Setting up a series of subgoals as you work toward the completion of a term paper would likely serve to _____ the delay curve for that reward, thereby _____ the resistance to temptation.

A useful indicator of preference on concurrent VI schedules is