Exam 8: Information-Processing Theory

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It is possible to increase a s...

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A) a list of spelling words
B) an algebraic formula
C) a geometric proof
D) a biological concept

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A) ten; organized
B) four; encoded
C) seven; unrelated
D) eleven; recognized

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A) creates pathways to the sensory register.
B) allows short-term memory to be bypassed in information processing.
C) influences what we attend to and find meaningful.
D) allows us to memorize automatically what is in the sensory register.

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A) have them work at the task for an hour every Monday morning.
B) divide the states into groups of five and have them study a group during fifteen-minute periods spread out through the week.
C) organize the states into geographic areas and have students learn all the capitals in one part of the country before going on to those in the next.
D) put a map on the wall and have students put pins in each state as they memorize each capital.

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Many cognitive psychologists believe that information is organized in long-term memory in the form of schemata, which are abstract structures of information. They are abstract because they summarize information about many different instances of something and are structured because they represent how relevant informational components are interrelated.

A) rote rehearsal.
B) elaborative rehearsal.
C) maintenance rehearsal.
D) chunking.

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A) is inherently limited to short periods of time and small amounts of information.
B) is related to their intelligence.
C) can be increased up to the age of seven, but not thereafter.
D) can be increased with practice at any age.

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Metacognition is our knowledge of how we...

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A) attention
B) chunking
C) rehearsal
D) recognition

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Information to be learned is frequently ...

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A) the date is firmly established in short-term memory.
B) the new information is associated with something you already know.
C) it is a type of maintenance rehearsal that enhances learning.
D) this kind of chunking always makes memorizing dates easier.

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Metacognition is knowledge about how we ...

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A) holds up to seven bits of information for a brief time period.
B) registers stimuli very briefly while we decide if they will be processed further.
C) is essentially the same as working memory.
D) registers sense impressions in more or less permanent form.

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A) attention, recognition, transformation, storage, retrieval
B) perception, attention, recognition, transformation, retrieval
C) attention, transformation, recognition, storage, retrieval
D) perception, attention, recognition, storage, retrieval

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A

A) influencing what we selectively perceive and find meaningful.
B) allowing us to automatically memorize what is in the sensory register.
C) creating pathways to the sensory register.
D) allowing short-term memory to be bypassed in information processing.

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Recognition is noting familiar features ...

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A) attention
B) retrieval
C) reinforcement
D) storage

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C