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Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

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Question 341

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You meet a young lady who giggles after every sentence she says. You conclude that she is a very happy person, but you later find that her giggling is due to nervousness in meeting new people. This story suggests that it is important to distinguish between

A) individual cases and generalizations.
B) correlation and causation.
C) control groups and experimental groups.
D) observation and inference.

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Question 342

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Questions about the opinions and behavior of large groups of people are often best answered using the __________ method.

A) case study
B) correlational
C) survey
D) naturalistic observation

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Question 343

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After an industrial-organizational psychologist made his initial observations regarding the stress experienced by game designers, he began the second step in the scientific method, which involved

In describing how a person arrives at a decision, a psychology professor explains to his class that "the mind is very much like a computer and that decision-making involves input, processing, storage, and output." This professor is emphasizing which view of behavior?

When psychologists study individuals with an in-depth focus, often in clinical settings, they use the ___________ method.

The APA professional code of ethics stresses

In which section of a research report is the outcome of the investigation presented with data being graphed, summarized in tables, or statistically analyzed?

A local television station conducts what they refer to as "surveys," in which they ask viewers to call in their opinions to various TOPIC (B-HEAD) s. These "surveys" are not considered a scientific poll because the television station

In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers who interact with the subjects know who is in the experimental group or who is in the control group.

Which of the following would be considered humanistic psychologists?

In an experiment to find out if taking Vitamin C decreases the number of colds one has during the winter, the number of colds would be the independent variable.

Dr. Morrow is using a statistical technique to combine the results of hundreds of studies that have been conducted on gender differences in risk taking. Dr. Morrow is using __________.

The formal method used by early psychologists to collect information by training people to use their first-person, subjective ability to directly examine their own thoughts, feelings, or sensations is called

In 1886, the first American psychology textbook was written by

An industrial-organizational psychologist has been asked to identify the ways in which high-stress and low-stress game designers are different. The psychologist comes up with the tentative explanation that the degree of control over one's work determines the designer's stress level. This tentative but objectively verifiable statement would constitute which step in the scientific method?

Suppose you want to find out if using smart glasses while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident. Driving ability as defined by the scores achieved on a test of driving ability would be the __________variable.

Psychologists who advocate the evolutionary view explain behavior through

You frequently visit a particular website because it offers free streaming videos. Your psychology professor explains that you are not only rewarded by the pleasure of watching interesting videos each time you go to the site, but you also expect to find free videos at the site. This explanation best fits which psychological viewpoint?

Which of the following would NOT be considered a neo-Freudian?

The word psychology is thousands of years old and comes from the ancient Greek roots psyche and logos , which mean respectively