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Which of the following bonds is weakest?


A) between two oxygen atoms within molecular oxygen
B) between the opposite ions, sodium and chloride
C) between the oxygen and hydrogens within a water molecule
D) between two water molecules
E) between the hydrogens within molecular hydrogen

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Which of the following pHs is the most acidic?


A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7
E) 9

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The nucleus of an atom contains


A) protons
B) electrons
C) neutrons
D) protons and neutrons
E) protons and electrons

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Which of the following is a monomer of protein?


A) nucleotide
B) monosaccharide
C) simple sugar
D) amino acid
E) ribose

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A fat molecule has ____ fatty acids.


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prions or prion diseases?


A) the protein that becomes a prion is common throughout the body
B) they are misfolded proteins
C) they form fibers that accumulate in the brain
D) they result in tiny holes in the brain
E) prion diseases are non-fatal

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In ____ bonds, atoms share electrons equally.


A) double covalent
B) unstable covalent
C) polar covalent
D) nonpolar covalent
E) triple covalent

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Unsaturated fats


A) are solid at room temperature
B) have at least one double bond in their fatty acid tail
C) are saturated with hydrogens
D) mainly come from animals.
E) consist of straight chain fatty acids.

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What guides the production of a multi-celled organism?


A) the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA
B) the sequence of amino acids in a protein
C) the sequence of fatty acids in a triglyceride
D) the sequence of nucleotides in RNA
E) the sequence of monosaccharides in a polysaccharide

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Classification . The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions with reference to those chemical bonds.

Premises
the bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water
the bond between the NaCl
the bond that holds organic molecules together
the bond in which electrons are shared
the bond that is easiest to break
the bond between the hydrogen atoms of molecular hydrogen
the bond between the two strands of DNA in a double helix
Responses
covalent .
hydrogen
ionic
hydrogen.
covalent
ionic.
covalent.

Correct Answer

the bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water
the bond between the NaCl
the bond that holds organic molecules together
the bond in which electrons are shared
the bond that is easiest to break
the bond between the hydrogen atoms of molecular hydrogen
the bond between the two strands of DNA in a double helix

The amount of energy necessary for an electron to jump to its next level


A) varies depending on the atom.
B) is exactly equal to what it needs.
C) is always in excess of the needed amount.
D) is exactly twice the energy emitted when the electron loses energy.
E) is less than the energy emitted when the electron loses energy.

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Phosphorus Consider the element phosphorus, which has an atomic mass of 30, and answer the following question(s) . How many electrons are in the second electron shell of a phosphorus atom?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 8

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Which of the following compounds helps to maintain our blood pH between 7.35 and 7.45?


A) water
B) carbonic acid
C) hydrocloric acid
D) hydrogen peroxide
E) sodium hydroxide

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Classification . The following are basic building blocks of macromolecules. Answer the questions with reference to those building blocks.

Premises
the basic unit of ribonucleic acid
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the monomeric unit of a polypeptide chain
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of proteins
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of glycogen
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of starch
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of deoxyribonucleic acid
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of cellulose
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the two units that combine in various ways to form lipids
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
Responses
choice B.
choice A
choice E
choice J
choice B .
choice E.
choice B
choice A.

Correct Answer

the basic unit of ribonucleic acid
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the monomeric unit of a polypeptide chain
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of proteins
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of glycogen
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of starch
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of deoxyribonucleic acid
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the basic unit of cellulose
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids
the two units that combine in various ways to form lipids
a- amino acids
b- glucose
c- glycerol
d- fatty acids
e- nucleotide
f- amino acids and glucose
g- amino acids and glycerol
h- glucose and glycerol
i- glucose and fatty acids
j- glycerol and fatty acids

Secondary protein structure is dependent on


A) hydrophobic interactions.
B) hydrogen bonds between two amino acids.
C) covalent linkages between carbons and nitrogens of adjacent amino acids.
D) covalent linkages between carbons and oxygens of adjacent amino acids.
E) all of these.

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A solution with a pH of 8 has how many times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6?


A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 100
E) 1,000

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In an atom, ____ spin around the nucleus.


A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) both neutrons and protons
E) both protons and electrons

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Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide by what type of reaction?


A) condensation
B) oxidation reduction
C) hydrolysis
D) decomposition
E) acid-base

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Which of the following pHs has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?


A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7
E) 9

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What accounts for carbon's importance to life? A) its ability to form rings B) its nonpolarity C) its versatile bonding behavior D) its ability to form rings E) its large size

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