Question 1

Which individual would be expected to have the highest basal metabolic rate (BMR) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   One who is sleeping
B)   One who is breastfeeding
C)   One who is undernourished
D)   One who is chronically fasting
E)   One who is sedentary

Question 2

The major waste product of protein catabolism is ammonia.The liver converts ammonia to urea to be excreted by the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 3

The liver performs each action upon cholesterol,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Produces cholesterol.
B)   Converts cholesterol to urea.
C)   Removes cholesterol from the blood.
D)   Uses cholesterol to make bile acid. B

Question 4

Symptoms of hypoglycemia do NOT include:

Accepted Answer

A)   weakness.
B)   light-headedness.
C)   flushed color.
D)   rapid, shallow breathing.
E)   confusion.

Question 5

Each recommendation is appropriate for counseling patients with diabetes mellitus,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   In obese patients, modest weight loss can improve insulin resistance.
B)   High-protein diets help adherence to weight loss programs.
C)   The use of glycemic index and load is more beneficial than carbohydrate considerations only.
D)   Moderate alcohol consumption has no acute effect on glucose and insulin concentrations.
E)   Carbohydrate ingested with alcohol can increase blood glucose.

Question 6

Hunger,also known as appetite,is the physiologic drive to eat.Energy balance is maintained when the kilocalorie intake is within 10% of energy needed for body processes and physical activities.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 7

Type 1 diabetes is also referred to as juvenile diabetes because adults do not develop this disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 8

Regardless of whether excessive food intake is in the form of protein,carbohydrate,alcohol,or fat,most excess energy intake is stored in the liver.Fat is a good source of energy,but protein is the preferred fuel.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 9

Each mechanism affects the amount eaten at a particular meal,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distention of the stomach
B)   Release of cholecystokinin
C)   Fat within the esophagus
D)   Secretion of glucagon
E)   Secretion of insulin

Question 10

Psychologic disorders such as anorexia nervosa can become life threatening because a lack of perception of one's undernourishment causes a vicious downward spiral of metabolic imbalances.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D)   The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 11

In addition to producing excessive water within cells,ketoacidosis is a dangerous condition because the brain and nerve cells use ketones for some of their fuel requirements when glucose levels remain low for several days.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D)   The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 12

The macronutrients supplying physiologic energy are carbohydrate,protein,fat,and alcohol.After conversion to glycogen and glycerol,these basic nutrient units are delivered to the cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true. C

Question 13

Each is true of metabolic interrelationships,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrates can be used in forming nonessential amino acids.
B)   Glucose can be converted to fatty acids and some amino acids.
C)   Proteins contribute to synthesis of some lipids.
D)   The glycerol from triglycerides can be used for synthesis of carbohydrates.

Question 14

Each is a symptom of type 1 diabetes mellitus,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Polydipsia
B)   Polyphagia
C)   Polyuria
D)   Ketoacidosis
E)   Weight gain

Question 15

Many patients gain weight after age 25 because the BMR decreases and previous eating habits are maintained without increasing activity.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 16

The thalamus gland,located in the center of the brain,is important in controlling huger because it contains both a satiety and hunger center.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D)   The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 17

Each is a function of the liver,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Regulatory control of nutrients in the bloodstream
B)   Conversion of monosaccharides to triglycerides
C)   Breakdown of polysaccharide glycogen into glucose
D)   Oxidation of digestive end products to provide energy

Question 18

Hormones stimulate,but do not retard,the functions of other cells.Hormones act as messengers that principally control metabolic functions that affect the skeletal muscular and nervous systems.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true. B

Question 19

Each is true of type 2 diabetes,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)   Body mass index greater than 27 kg/m2 is a risk factor.
B)   Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are risk factors.
C)   Increased fat stores cause some degree of insulin resistance.
D)   Inadequate insulin is a major cause.

Question 20

Approximately 90% to 95% of Americans with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus.This form of the disease results from insulin resistance.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   Both statements are false.
C)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
D)   The first statement is false; the second is true.

Exam 7: Use of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance

Which individual would be expected to have the highest basal metabolic rate (BMR) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major waste product of protein catabolism is ammonia.The liver converts ammonia to urea to be excreted by the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The liver performs each action upon cholesterol,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Symptoms of hypoglycemia do NOT include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each recommendation is appropriate for counseling patients with diabetes mellitus,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hunger,also known as appetite,is the physiologic drive to eat.Energy balance is maintained when the kilocalorie intake is within 10% of energy needed for body processes and physical activities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Type 1 diabetes is also referred to as juvenile diabetes because adults do not develop this disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regardless of whether excessive food intake is in the form of protein,carbohydrate,alcohol,or fat,most excess energy intake is stored in the liver.Fat is a good source of energy,but protein is the preferred fuel.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each mechanism affects the amount eaten at a particular meal,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologic disorders such as anorexia nervosa can become life threatening because a lack of perception of one's undernourishment causes a vicious downward spiral of metabolic imbalances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to producing excessive water within cells,ketoacidosis is a dangerous condition because the brain and nerve cells use ketones for some of their fuel requirements when glucose levels remain low for several days.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The macronutrients supplying physiologic energy are carbohydrate,protein,fat,and alcohol.After conversion to glycogen and glycerol,these basic nutrient units are delivered to the cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Each is true of metabolic interrelationships,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each is a symptom of type 1 diabetes mellitus,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many patients gain weight after age 25 because the BMR decreases and previous eating habits are maintained without increasing activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thalamus gland,located in the center of the brain,is important in controlling huger because it contains both a satiety and hunger center.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each is a function of the liver,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones stimulate,but do not retard,the functions of other cells.Hormones act as messengers that principally control metabolic functions that affect the skeletal muscular and nervous systems.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Each is true of type 2 diabetes,except one.Which is the exception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately 90% to 95% of Americans with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus.This form of the disease results from insulin resistance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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B

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