Question 1

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phenotype of an organism is its...

Question 2

A(n)(operon/codon/gene)is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)(operon/codon/gene)is a specific sequence of nucleotides that...

Question 3

Compare and contrast the lactose operon with the tryptophan operon.

Accepted Answer

Both the lactose and the tryptophan operons have certain features in common.They both contain a set of genes dedicated to a common purpose (such as the catabolism of lactose by the genes of the lactose operon)and regulatory elements such as a promoter and an operator.Each of these operons makes use of a repressor protein,which binds to the operator region and alters the activity of the operon.However,the lactose operon is classified as an inducible operon,which means it requires an inducer (a lactose metabolite)in order to be activated.In the absence of the inducer,the repressor protein shuts down the operon.In contrast,the tryptophan operon is a repressible operon,which requires a corepressor (tryptophan itself)in order to activate the repressor and shut down the operon.In the absence of the corepressor and repressor,the operon is fully functional.In both types of operons,the molecule either catabolized (in the case of lactose)or synthesized (in the case of tryptophan)is an important component of the regulation of the operon.In this way,the cell maintains precise control over these genetic pathways and does not spend time and energy making enzymes that are not needed.For example,making enzymes to catabolize lactose when no lactose is present would waste energy and metabolites.

Question 4

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Accepted Answer

A)   involves a virus.
B)   requires a pilus.
C)   requires a cell to be "competent."
D)   requires a plasmid.
E)   involves a mutagen.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)   multiple linear
B)   multiple circular
C)   a single circular
D)   a single linear
E)   both linear and circularF) A) and D)
G) B) and D) A

Question 6

In generalized transduction,viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA...

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are checked for accuracy by DNA polymerase III.
B)   They make up the lagging strand of replicated DNA.
C)   They begin with an RNA primer.
D)   They are joined together by DNA ligase.
E)   They are longer in eukaryotic cells.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Bacterial strain A contains a plasmid.Bacterial strain B does not.When the bacteria are incubated together in a broth culture strain B cells containing the plasmid can be isolated.Devise an experiment to determine what type of gene transfer process is involved.

Accepted Answer

A variety of answers are possible.For ex...

Question 10

The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine,making it a(n)(analog/nucleotide/precursor)of thymine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure...

Question 11

A point mutation can be completely harmless,or it can result in the death of a cell or organism.Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Accepted Answer

A point mutation is a single base change...

Question 12

The (leading/lagging/replicating)strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The (leading/lagging/replicating)strand is the DNA strand that...

Question 13

Which of the following mechanisms normally repairs pyrimidine dimers?

Accepted Answer

A)   base-excision repair
B)   light repair
C)   single-strand repair
D)   error-prone repair
E)   SOS response repairF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The effects of a transposition event are equivalent to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   nonsense mutation.
B)   missense mutation.
C)   frameshift mutation.
D)   silent mutation.
E)   HFR conjugation.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Nucleotide analogs cause frameshift mutations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)   efficiency of proofreading
B)   type of nucleotides used
C)   direction of polymerization
D)   speed
E)   dependence on helicaseF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides.Therefore,there are ________ possible combinations of the nucleotides A,C,G,and T.

Accepted Answer

A)   16
B)   4
C)   12
D)   64
E)   32F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 18

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 19

Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleotide analogs
B)   nitrous acid
C)   ultraviolet light
D)   benzopyrene
E)   gamma raysF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA replication.
B)   transcription.
C)   translation.
D)   mutation repair.
E)   transformation.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Correct Answer
verified

A(n)(operon/codon/gene)is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

Correct Answer
verified

Compare and contrast the lactose operon with the tryptophan operon.

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Correct Answer
verified

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.

Correct Answer
verified
A

In generalized transduction,viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

Correct Answer
verified

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial strain A contains a plasmid.Bacterial strain B does not.When the bacteria are incubated together in a broth culture strain B cells containing the plasmid can be isolated.Devise an experiment to determine what type of gene transfer process is involved.

Correct Answer
verified
A variety of answers are possible.For ex...
View Answer

The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine,making it a(n)(analog/nucleotide/precursor)of thymine.

Correct Answer
verified

A point mutation can be completely harmless,or it can result in the death of a cell or organism.Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Correct Answer
verified
A point mutation is a single base change...
View Answer

The (leading/lagging/replicating)strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following mechanisms normally repairs pyrimidine dimers?

Correct Answer
verified

The effects of a transposition event are equivalent to a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Nucleotide analogs cause frameshift mutations.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?

Correct Answer
verified

A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides.Therefore,there are ________ possible combinations of the nucleotides A,C,G,and T.

Correct Answer
verified

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

Correct Answer
verified
True

Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n)(operon/codon/gene)is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast the lactose operon with the tryptophan operon.

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

In generalized transduction,viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial strain A contains a plasmid.Bacterial strain B does not.When the bacteria are incubated together in a broth culture strain B cells containing the plasmid can be isolated.Devise an experiment to determine what type of gene transfer process is involved.

Correct AnswerverifiedA variety of answers are possible.For ex...View AnswerShow Answer

The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine,making it a(n)(analog/nucleotide/precursor)of thymine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A point mutation can be completely harmless,or it can result in the death of a cell or organism.Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedA point mutation is a single base change...View AnswerShow Answer

The (leading/lagging/replicating)strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following mechanisms normally repairs pyrimidine dimers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effects of a transposition event are equivalent to a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nucleotide analogs cause frameshift mutations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides.Therefore,there are ________ possible combinations of the nucleotides A,C,G,and T.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A variety of answers are possible.For ex...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A point mutation is a single base change...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified