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Describe the economic and social changes of the sixteenth century.

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Essays should begin with a discussion of the significant rise in prices in the course of the century and some reasons for it.The rise of the "new gentry," the growing cooperation of monarchs and aristocrats, and the eruption of military, religious, and lower-class revolts should be analyzed as aspects of the changing social situation.Also essential are the change in textile production, the changing character of guilds and cities, and the rise in witchcraft and poverty.

The French religious wars were precipitated by all of the following except


A) traditional rivalry with the English.
B) a large degree of independence exercised by the nobility, including the right to wage private wars.
C) the failure of the Colloquy of Poissy to reconcile the Catholics and the Huguenots.
D) simmering conflicts among Catholic and Protestant nobles and townspeople.
E) the French monarch's inability to monopolize military power.

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Which was not an aspect of Cardinal Richelieu's rule?


A) Adept handling and manipulation of both the king and the nobility.
B) Putting France's interests above all others.
C) Fighting a principled battle to destroy Protestantism.
D) Persecuting Protestants in France while supporting them in Germany.
E) The creation of the office of intendant to bypass bureaucracy.

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While the Spanish Empire ruled much of the New World and many wealthy territories in Europe, it met its match in the Netherlands, where


A) nobles, towns, and provinces tried to safeguard remnants of medieval autonomy.
B) religious divisions exacerbated political tensions.
C) economic prosperity and strain compounded problems of central authority.
D) Philip's lack of familiarity with the Dutch pushed them into revolt.
E) All of these

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The increased persecution of witches was due to


A) the new association of witchcraft with heresy.
B) desperate attempts of local communities to deal with crises.
C) increased poverty.
D) internal concerns from common people with regard to people they found difficult to understand.
E) All of the above.

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Discuss the difference between Baroque art on the continent and the flowering of the arts in England, and how these were used by the respective monarchs.

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This question seeks to discern whether t...

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What was not a characteristic of the United Provinces?


A) It was born of resistance to the Habsburgs of Spain
B) It was solidly Catholic
C) It embraced a form of Calvinism
D) It quickly became an economic power
E) It is roughly coterminous with the modern Netherlands

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Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War?


A) Resurgent Catholicism emboldened, in part, by the Jesuits.
B) A strongly independent religious tradition in Czech lands.
C) A new emperor who lacked the tolerant attitudes of his predecessor.
D) regionalism versus centralization
E) All of the above.

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In 1598, Turkish naval successes in the Mediterranean were halted with the Battle of Lepanto.

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The price revolution of the sixteenth century was apparently caused by


A) population growth and the influx of New World silver.
B) the lingering effects of the Black Death and its periodic return.
C) the new commercial ethos fostered, in part, by Calvinism.
D) religious wars.
E) growth in the size of peasant farms, which were able to produce cash crops.

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Alexander Farnese, duke of Parma, was responsible for wooing the Catholic elites of the Southern provinces of the Low Countries back to the loyalty of Philip II.

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Cervantes' Don Quixote


A) was the oral composition of an illiterate man.
B) rejected traditional prose styles.
C) was an experimental drama.
D) reflected both oral and literate culture.
E) was the result of a strong awareness of language that literacy made possible.

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D

The Treaty of Westphalia did all of the following except it


A) put an end to religious wars in the empire.
B) recognized the legitimacy of Calvinism.
C) required citizens of an area to follow the religion of the ruler's faith.
D) created a new balance of power in the empire.
E) destroyed the Habsburg as a ruling family.

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E

Maximilian II worked to keep religious peace in the empire as a whole and granted limited rights of worship to Protestants.

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Who were the Huguenots?


A) Calvin's followers in Geneva
B) Scottish Christians led by John Knox
C) Protestant heretics in Spain
D) French Calvinists
E) English Catholic recusants

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Among the domestic problems of the reign of James I were


A) disunity among Protestants and lack of hostility to Catholics.
B) only minor difficulties, because of his enormous popularity.
C) corruption at court and increased financial trouble.
D) renewed foreign invasion.
E) increased tax demands to pay for the annexation of Bohemia.

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Explain the challenges faced by the English monarchs, from Elizabeth I to Charles I, and how those challenges were handled.

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Students should consider the following c...

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How did Elizabeth manage to secure a peaceful succession?


A) She married a French prince and produced heirs.
B) She had an illegitimate child legitimized by parliament.
C) She adopted the Stuart heir, James, and raised him Protestant.
D) She invited several European princes to present their claims.
E) None of the above.

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Summarize the what, when, why, and results of the Thirty Years' War.

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The origins of this first of the great i...

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The consolidation of royal authority in France during the first half of the seventeenth century


A) involved a nibbling away at local self-government and control of taxation.
B) resulted to a large degree from the efforts of the royal ministers, Sully and Richelieu.
C) included the creation of the office of intendant.
D) increased because of additional revenues from the use of the paulette.
E) All of the above.

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