Question 1

What does the N-P-K ratio on a package of fertilizer indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)   percentages of manure collected from different types of animals
B)   relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertilizer
C)   percentages of three important mineral nutrients
D)   proportions of three different nitrogen sources

Question 2

How does nitrogen fixation lead to enhanced plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nitrogen fixation enables prokaryotes to supply the plant with proteins directly.
B)   Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein.
C)   Nitrogen fixation directly by the plant is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy.
D)   Nitrogen fixation prevents herbivores from eating the plant.

Question 3

Soil pH is an important factor that influences which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   cation exchange
B)   the chemical form of minerals
C)   availability of organic matter
D)   cation exchange and the chemical form of minerals

Question 4

The B horizon of soil is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   living organisms and decaying organic matter
B)   a mixture of broken soil with a variety of texture
C)   much less organic matter than the A horizon
D)   partially broken-down rock

Question 5

Which of the following soil conditions would inhibit the growth of most plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   abundant humus mixed with loam
B)   air spaces in the topsoil
C)   poor drainage in the C horizon
D)   absence of an A horizon D

Question 6

Which criteria allow biologists to classify chemicals into macronutrients and micronutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)   molecular weight of the element or compound
B)   the quantities of each required by plants
C)   how they are used in metabolism
D)   whether or not they are essential for plant growth

Question 7

During an experiment to identify essential nutrients, all but one class group observed the effects of micronutrient deficiencies on plant growth. Which of the following is the best explanation for the normal plant appearance in the one outlier group?

Accepted Answer

A)   The discrepant group did not pipette accurately.
B)   The discrepant group mislabeled their containers.
C)   The discrepant group used tap water instead of deionized (distilled)  water.
D)   The discrepant group forgot to add micronutrient solution.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes epiphytes?

Accepted Answer

A)   aerial vines common in tropical regions
B)   plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen
C)   plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts
D)   plants that have a symbiotic relationship with fungi C

Question 9

Which major benefits do plants and mycorrhizal fungi receive from their symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plants receive enzymes, and fungi receive nitrogen and phosphorus.
B)   Plants receive increased root surface area, and fungi receive digestive enzymes.
C)   Fungi receive photosynthetic products in exchange for living in plant root nodules.
D)   Plants receive water and phosphorus, and fungi receive photosynthetic products.

Question 10

Synthesis of which of the following compounds in a mature leaf would be least impacted by a temporary soil nitrogen deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   RNA
C)   amino acids
D)   cellulose

Question 11

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant
B)   that has soil with poor drainage
C)   that has hot summers and cold winters
D)   in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients

Question 12

Of the following terms, which best describes the ecological role of a Venus flytrap?

Accepted Answer

A)   parasite
B)   mutualist
C)   epiphyte
D)   predator

Question 13

Which elements are most often the limiting nutrients for plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus
B)   nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen
C)   carbon, sodium, chlorine
D)   carbon, nitrogen, oxygen

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of nitrogen fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)   recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials
B)   converts ammonia to ammonium
C)   releases nitrate from the rock substrate
D)   converts nitrogen gas into ammonia

Question 15

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the mineral is a micronutrient
B)   the mineral is very mobile within the plant
C)   the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis
D)   the mineral is a macronutrient

Question 16

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes) , but no roots. Which of the following explains how the plants obtained water and mineral nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion through stomata
B)   absorption by mycorrhizae
C)   osmosis through the root hairs
D)   diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome

Question 17

Epiphytes are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fungi that attack plants
B)   fungi that form mutualistic associations with roots
C)   nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants
D)   plants that grow on other plants

Question 18

Which of the following is a primary difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endomycorrhizae have thicker, shorter hyphae than ectomycorrhizae.
B)   Ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate root cells, whereas endomycorrhizae grow into invaginations of the root cell membranes.
C)   Endomycorrhizae are more common than ectomycorrhizae.
D)   There are no significant differences between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.

Question 19

Which answer best describes how roots acidify the soil solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Roots release CO2 and pump K+ into the soil.
B)   Roots release CO2 and pump H+ into the soil.
C)   Roots release NaCl and pump Na+ into the soil.
D)   Roots release NaCl and pump Cl- into the soil.

Question 20

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   most of them are mobile in the plant
B)   most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes
C)   most are supplied in large enough quantities in seeds
D)   they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant B

Exam 37: Plant Nutrition

What does the N-P-K ratio on a package of fertilizer indicate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does nitrogen fixation lead to enhanced plant growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Soil pH is an important factor that influences which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The B horizon of soil is characterized by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following soil conditions would inhibit the growth of most plants?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which criteria allow biologists to classify chemicals into macronutrients and micronutrients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During an experiment to identify essential nutrients, all but one class group observed the effects of micronutrient deficiencies on plant growth. Which of the following is the best explanation for the normal plant appearance in the one outlier group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes epiphytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which major benefits do plants and mycorrhizal fungi receive from their symbiotic relationship?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synthesis of which of the following compounds in a mature leaf would be least impacted by a temporary soil nitrogen deficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following terms, which best describes the ecological role of a Venus flytrap?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which elements are most often the limiting nutrients for plant growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the process of nitrogen fixation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes) , but no roots. Which of the following explains how the plants obtained water and mineral nutrients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Epiphytes are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a primary difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which answer best describes how roots acidify the soil solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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