Question 1

Qualitative researchers would be more likely than quantitative researchers to use in recording observations.

Accepted Answer

A)  coding sheets
B)  numbers and counts
C)  field notes
D)  physical traces C

Question 2

Define and describe participant observation research. In your answer, discuss the various roles that such researchers can take on and the advantages and disadvantages of each role.

Accepted Answer

Participant observation research is a qu...

Question 3

The primary goal of most case studies and life histories is:

Accepted Answer

A)  nomothetic explanation.
B)  idiographic explanation
C)  positivist explanation.
D)  deductive hypothesis testing.

Question 4

Coding categories should:

Accepted Answer

A)  have very general coding categories.
B)  have coding categories that involve no subjective interpretation.
C)  be highly specific and behavioral.
D)  be different for each coder.

Question 5

Describe each of the qualitative research methods discussed in the text other than field research.

Accepted Answer

Sure, here are the qualitative research ...

Question 6

A type of sampling that is used in observational research, and that enables us to avoid making continual observations over long periods of time, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  time sampling.
B)  simple random sampling.
C)  snowball sampling.
D)  quota sampling.

Question 7

Coding sheets are used in field research when:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is desirable to collect qualitative data.
B)  there is a danger that the researcher might "go native."
C)  there is a high likelihood of reactivity.
D)  it is desirable to collect quantitative data.

Question 8

In observational research, the recording of field notes is most problematic for:

Accepted Answer

A)  those in the participant-as-observer role.
B)  observers whose status as observer is disguised.
C)  those using unobtrusive measures.
D)  research that is based on time sampling.

Question 9

In field research, becoming "invisible" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  taking on the complete observer role.
B)  conducting hidden observations.
C)  reducing reactivity to a minimum.
D)  coming to be seen as a natural part of the setting being observed.

Question 10

Which of the following would be the preferred way of gaining entry into a group for purposes of conducting participant observation research

Accepted Answer

A)  Gain the cooperation of those with less status and power in the group first.
B)  Describe the abstract scientific goals of the research to the members of the group.
C)  Tell the group members that one of the research goals is to evaluate them and their performance.
D)  Gain the cooperation of those with more status and power in the group first.

Question 11

The text states that the research technique called "participant observation" involves gaining knowledge from two distinct sources:

Accepted Answer

A)  participation and objectivity.
B)  participation and observation.
C)  observation and measurement.
D)  observation and reactivity.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a qualitative research method as discussed in the text

Accepted Answer

A)  available data
B)  in-depth interviewing
C)  field research
D)  case studies

Question 13

The "big man bias" in field research most accurately refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the tendency of ethnographers to ignore females and attend to males.
B)  the tendency for ethnographers to be males rather than females.
C)  the tendency for more powerful or assertive individuals to come to the attention of ethnographers.
D)  the tendency for reactivity to occur with male ethnographers but not female ethnographers.

Question 14

The problem of "reactivity" in observational research refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  observers reacting to the behavior they observe and introducing bias into the data.
B)  people behaving differently because they are being observed.
C)  statistical artifacts that commonly arise in analyzing observational data.
D)  people refusing to let observers make audio tapes or videotapes of their behavior.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of observational research

Accepted Answer

A)  It is easier to study very large samples than is the case with survey techniques.
B)  It provides deeper and more insightful data than do most other research techniques.
C)  It makes the study of "closed" settings possible.
D)  It is inherently longitudinal.

Question 16

The text characterizes the description that is achieved in case studies and life histories as:

Accepted Answer

A)  medium descriptions.
B)  thick descriptions.
C)  thin descriptions.
D)  objective descriptions.

Question 17

Qualitative research stresses the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  knowledge emerges from an understanding of the full context in which people behave.
B)  knowledge emerges from the use of objective and value-free research methods.
C)  knowledge can emerge if social scientists isolate variables in the laboratory for close scrutiny.
D)  direct observation of behavior is not necessary to developing an understanding of it.

Question 18

When conducting field observations, personal impressions and feelings are included in field notes in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  assess the possibility that bias is coloring one's observations.
B)  reduce the likelihood of going native.
C)  encourage informants to share their feelings openly with the researcher.
D)  make it possible to do quantitative data analysis. A

Question 19

The verstehen approach in the study of human behavior emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of German culture.
B)  the importance of the subjective experiences of people in understanding human behavior.
C)  that only those aspects of behavior that can be observed and recorded objectively should be studied.
D)  that empathy with research participants can lead to bias in research results.

Question 20

In participant observation, rapport between researcher and informants is likely to be improved by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the informants view the researcher as a nice person who will do them no harm.
B)  the investigator shows through behavior that he or she sympathizes with the perspective of the people being studied.
C)  the informants agree with the research goals of the investigation.
D)  both the researcher and the group members have something that the other needs and wants. C

Exam 9: Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Qualitative researchers would be more likely than quantitative researchers to use in recording observations.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Define and describe participant observation research. In your answer, discuss the various roles that such researchers can take on and the advantages and disadvantages of each role.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIParticipant observation research is a qu...View AnswerShow Answer

The primary goal of most case studies and life histories is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coding categories should:

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Describe each of the qualitative research methods discussed in the text other than field research.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AISure, here are the qualitative research ...View AnswerShow Answer

A type of sampling that is used in observational research, and that enables us to avoid making continual observations over long periods of time, is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coding sheets are used in field research when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In observational research, the recording of field notes is most problematic for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In field research, becoming "invisible" refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be the preferred way of gaining entry into a group for purposes of conducting participant observation research

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text states that the research technique called "participant observation" involves gaining knowledge from two distinct sources:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a qualitative research method as discussed in the text

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "big man bias" in field research most accurately refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The problem of "reactivity" in observational research refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of observational research

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text characterizes the description that is achieved in case studies and life histories as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Qualitative research stresses the idea that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When conducting field observations, personal impressions and feelings are included in field notes in order to:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The verstehen approach in the study of human behavior emphasizes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In participant observation, rapport between researcher and informants is likely to be improved by all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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Participant observation research is a qu...
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Sure, here are the qualitative research ...
View Answer

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