Question 1

Which of the following is not a dimension of Costa and McCrae's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism
B)  psychoticism
C)  agreeableness
D)  conscientiousness

Question 2

Which of the following is false regarding culture and midlife crisis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The midlife crisis is a cultural invention.
B)  The concept of midlife itself is limited to adults studied in the United States.
C)  In other cultures, transitions and crises are related to role relations such as marriage and relocation into the spouse's family.
D)  In other countries, women experience midlife crises at higher rates than men.

Question 3

The most basic aspect of a healthy personality in Erikson's theory is

Accepted Answer

A)  introversion.
B)  autonomy.
C)  integrity.
D)  trust.

Question 4

Which theorist(s)  described three parallel levels of personality structure and function?

Accepted Answer

A)  McAdams
B)  Hooker
C)  Costa and McCrae
D)  Jung

Question 5

One of the main criticisms of theories based on life transitions is that

Accepted Answer

A)  each person's life transitions are different.
B)  the research methods used are questionable.
C)  measuring life transitions is problematic.
D)  most of the supporting data is correlational.

Question 6

Older adults are more likely to believe that

Accepted Answer

A)  they will become their hoped for self.
B)  they will become their feared self.
C)  the hoped for self is not under their personal control.
D)  neither the hoped for nor the feared self is under their personal control.

Question 7

Costa and colleagues reported that traits remained highly stable with correlations ranging from .68 to .85 over a __________ year period.

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  7
C)  10
D)  12

Question 8

The creation of an identity or a sense of self is the goal of this type of personality theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional traits
B)  life narrative
C)  self-concept
D)  personal concerns

Question 9

Younger adults, compared with older adults, are more likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  more possible selves but to be less likely to believe they can attain them.
B)  more possible selves and to be more likely to believe they can attain them.
C)  fewer possible selves and be less likely to believe they can attain them.
D)  fewer possible selves and be more likely to believe they can attain them.

Question 10

With the advent of middle age, the focus shifts from intimacy to concern for the next generation, expressed as

Accepted Answer

A)  industry versus inferiority.
B)  identity versus confusion.
C)  generativity versus stagnation.
D)  ego integrity versus despair.

Question 11

Costa and McCrae suggest that personality traits stop changing by age 30, after which they appear to be "set in plaster." Which of the following gives validity to their claim?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their studies were cross-sectional.
B)  Their correlations were high.
C)  Many additional research studies have been conducted that support their claim.
D)  Laypeople's observations of the personality traits of others supports their claim.

Question 12

Reliance on spiritual beliefs helps people to

Accepted Answer

A)  ignore their problems.
B)  be distracted from their problems.
C)  focus on the parts of the problem that may be under their control.
D)  share their problems with others who are also religious.

Question 13

In Whitbourne's theory, over-reliance on_________ makes a person resistant to change.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Whitbourne's theory, over-reliance on_________ makes a...

Question 14

According to Hooker (2002) , the three processes that act in tandem with the three structural components of McAdams personality levels are

Accepted Answer

A)  state processes, self-regulatory processes, and cognitive processes.
B)  self-concept processes, personal concerns, and cognitive processes.
C)  state processes, self-concept processes, and personal concerns.
D)  personal concerns, dispositional traits, and life narrative

Question 15

According to Jung, which of the following age groups is most likely to act in accordance with the gender-role stereotypes of their culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  young adults
B)  middle-aged adults
C)  young-old adults
D)  old-old adults

Question 16

Describe Erikson's last stage of development.

Accepted Answer

In old age, individuals enter into Eriks...

Question 17

According to McAdams, how does a life story develop over time?

Accepted Answer

People in Western societies begin formin...

Question 18

Research on Costa and McCrae's model of personality traits shows

Accepted Answer

A)  little evidence of stability.
B)  stability for only a few years.
C)  no support for trait theories.
D)  strong support for long-term stability.

Question 19

For some older adults, especially_____________ , a strong attachment to God is what they believe helps them deal with life's challenges.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hispanic Americans
B)  African Americans
C)  Native Americans
D)  European Americans

Question 20

According to large-scale studies done on subjects ages 16 to the 80s in the United States and Great Britain, one personality trait disappears or is much less apparent in later life.Which is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness
B)  conscientiousness
C)  neuroticism
D)  extraversion

Exam 9: Personality

Which of the following is not a dimension of Costa and McCrae's theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most basic aspect of a healthy personality in Erikson's theory is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Costa and colleagues reported that traits remained highly stable with correlations ranging from .68 to .85 over a __________ year period.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reliance on spiritual beliefs helps people to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Younger adults, compared with older adults, are more likely to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theorist(s) described three parallel levels of personality structure and function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on Costa and McCrae's model of personality traits shows

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is false regarding culture and midlife crisis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Hooker (2002) , the three processes that act in tandem with the three structural components of McAdams personality levels are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the main criticisms of theories based on life transitions is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For some older adults, especially_____________ , a strong attachment to God is what they believe helps them deal with life's challenges.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to McAdams, how does a life story develop over time?

Correct AnswerverifiedPeople in Western societies begin formin...View AnswerShow Answer

With the advent of middle age, the focus shifts from intimacy to concern for the next generation, expressed as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Older adults are more likely to believe that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe Erikson's last stage of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn old age, individuals enter into Eriks...View AnswerShow Answer

The creation of an identity or a sense of self is the goal of this type of personality theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Jung, which of the following age groups is most likely to act in accordance with the gender-role stereotypes of their culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to large-scale studies done on subjects ages 16 to the 80s in the United States and Great Britain, one personality trait disappears or is much less apparent in later life.Which is it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Whitbourne's theory, over-reliance on_________ makes a person resistant to change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Costa and McCrae suggest that personality traits stop changing by age 30, after which they appear to be "set in plaster." Which of the following gives validity to their claim?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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People in Western societies begin formin...
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In old age, individuals enter into Eriks...
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