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Scenario 19.1 Use the following to answer the questions. Concession Supply sells hotdogs, buns, and nacho ingredients to several major league ballparks across the country. Currently, Concession Supply has the following pricing information for one case of hotdogs sold at Wrigley Field: Total fixed costs = $1,200, Selling price = $16, and Variable costs = $6. Refer to Scenario 19.1. If Concession Supply wanted to make a profit of $800 on each case, it would need to sell ____ cases.


A) 150
B) 300
C) 100
D) 75
E) 200

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Marginal analysis involves examining


A) what happens to a firm's costs and revenues when production is changed by one unit.
B) what happens to a firm's revenues when one more product is sold.
C) what happens to a firm's costs when one more unit is produced.
D) the difference between marginal revenue and total revenue.
E) the difference between marginal cost and total cost.

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Marketers have no flexibility in setting prices under conditions of


A) a monopoly.
B) an oligopoly.
C) perfect competition.
D) monopolistic competition.
E) no competition.

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Price competition is a very flexible marketing strategy.

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For most consumers, there is an assumed relationship between


A) price and quality.
B) value and cost.
C) internal and external reference prices.
D) value and price consciousness.
E) prestige prices and value.

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Markum Industries determines that for its air compressors the following results are achieved at a price of $250: total costs = $250,000; variable costs per unit = $100; fixed costs = $175,000. Given these figures, Markum would break even at ____ units.


A) 1,167
B) 1,000
C) 1,750
D) 2,500
E) 700

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If a retailer orders a quantity of merchandise to be delivered to his store in Phoenix and is quoted a price that does not include shipping charges, the retailer is paying a(n) ____ price.


A) F.O.b. destination
B) F.O.b. factory
C) transfer
D) postage-stamp
E) base-point

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Price is a key element in the marketing mix because it relates directly to


A) the size of the sales force.
B) the speed of an exchange.
C) quality controls.
D) the generation of total revenue.
E) brand image.

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____________ are reductions off the list price given by a producer to an intermediary for performing certain functions.


A) Trade discounts
B) Quantity discounts
C) Cumulative discounts
D) Non-cumulative discounts
E) Cash discounts

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The point at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost is the breakeven point.

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A measure of sensitivity of demand in relation to changes in price is


A) a demand curve.
B) a prestige graph.
C) marginal analysis.
D) price elasticity of demand.
E) quantity elasticity.

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Price is


A) money paid in a transaction.
B) not important to buyers.
C) of limited interest to sellers.
D) the most inflexible marketing mix decision variable.
E) the value that is exchanged for products in a marketing transaction.

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The major disadvantage of using price competition is that it takes a long time to implement the changes in price.

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Which of the following statements about price elasticity is false?


A) Steak is an example of a product that has an elastic demand for most people, because when price goes up quantity demanded goes down proportionally.
B) Elasticity of demand is the relative responsiveness of a change in quantity demanded to changes in price.
C) If marketers can determine price elasticity, then setting prices at optimum levels is much easier.
D) When price is raised on a product that has an inelastic demand, then total revenue will decrease.
E) A product like electricity has an inelastic demand.

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Scenario 19.2 Use the following to answer the questions. The BASF Chemical Company in Germany has developed a new rubberized coating. The product has an application for cell phones and other hand-held electronic devices that gives them protection from falls and scratches. BASF plans to market the product directly to businesses that manufacture the casings for these types of products. BASF currently uses a system of salespeople headquartered in Germany, while its primary business customers are in China. Refer to Scenario 19.2. BASF is considering the problem of actual distance in delivering its product from the plant in Germany to some of its customers in China. Which pricing strategy would help overcome this problem?


A) Geographic
B) Transfer
C) Commercial
D) Transit
E) Factory

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Demand is best determined by a top management committee.

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Ideally, pricing decisions have little relation to a firm's marketing objectives.

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What equation shows organizations the relationship between price and profit?


A) Total Variable Costs + Total Fixed Costs = Sales − Profit
B) Price = Profit per Item × Number of Units Sold
C) (Price × Quantity Sold) − Total Costs = Profits
D) (Price − Profits) × Total Costs = Sales
E) Total Costs = (Price × Quantity Sold) − Profits

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Fixed costs vary with the number of units produced or sold.

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Isabella is a product manager for The Container Store, a retailer of plastic bins and other storage containers. Sales have been declining in the past nine months and her management team is pressuring her to compete based on price discounts. However, Isabella is aware of the dangers associated with engaging in price competition. She knows that competitors can also change prices quickly and aggressively, which can result in a(n) ____ that will be harmful to both companies.


A) reduction in cost
B) price war
C) competitive game
D) industry collapse
E) advertising battle

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