Question 1

A patient with pulmonary edema is receiving furosemide (Lasix) ,a kaliuretic diuretic.He has lost 6.6 lb over a 48-hr period.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   He is probably hyperkalemic secondary to the diuretic therapy.
B)   He has lost 12 L of water.
C)   His skin is "tenting."
D)   He has lost 3 L of water.

Question 2

Which of the following is not true of extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most body water is extracellular.
B)   Plasma is extracellular fluid.
C)   Transcellular fluid is extracellular.
D)   There is more interstitial fluid than intravascular fluid.

Question 3

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of which cation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bicarbonate
B)   Sodium
C)   Potassium
D)   Albumin

Question 4

Plasma oncotic pressure

Accepted Answer

A)   is caused primarily by salt (sodium chloride) .
B)   "pulls" water into the capillaries from the interstitium.
C)   pushes water out of the capillaries into the interstitium.
D)   increases the flow of lymph.

Question 5

A drug that blocks the renal reabsorption of sodium

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases the renal excretion of Na+.
B)   increases the amount of urine.
C)   decreases the excretion of bicarbonate.
D)   always increases the reabsorption of K+.

Question 6

Hypocalcemia is most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   cause blood volume expansion (hypervolemia) .
B)   be treated with IV potassium.
C)   cause tetany.
D)   be caused by excess parathyroid hormone activity.

Question 7

A patient is ventilating at a rate of 8 to 10 respirations/min,having been heavily medicated for pain.Which of the following is true? The patient is (may)

Accepted Answer

A)   develop a respiratory acidosis.
B)   experiencing Kussmaul respirations.
C)   experiencing diuresis.
D)   likely to develop a metabolic alkalosis.

Question 8

Third spacing

Accepted Answer

A)   is caused by aggressive diuretic therapy.
B)   describes a severe state of hypovolemia and dehydration.
C)   involves only the interstitial space.
D)   can result in an abnormal accumulation of large amounts of water.

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   pH of 7.55
B)   A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ion in the blood
C)   Urinary excretion of bicarbonate
D)   pH less than 7.35

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to cause acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Persistent vomiting
B)   Accumulation of plasma H+
C)   Renal loss of albumin
D)   Diuresis

Question 11

Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyperkalemia
B)   Hypernatremia and blood volume expansion
C)   Hypocalcemic tetany
D)   Alkalosis

Question 12

A deficiency of ADH,called diabetes insipidus,is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   glucosuria and an osmotic diuresis.
B)   polyuria and polydipsia.
C)   Kussmaul respirations and hyperventilation.
D)   edema formation and sodium retention.

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to occur when output is less than intake?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dehydration
B)   Edema
C)   Hypovolemia
D)   Polyuria

Question 14

Which of the following is (are) true of Na⁺?

Accepted Answer

A)   Is the chief extracellular anion
B)   Helps regulate extracellular volume
C)   Is regulated by ADH
D)   All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following acts as a base?

Accepted Answer

A)   H+
B)   OH-
C)   Calcium ion
D)   Gastric juice

Question 16

Bicarbonate (HCO₃-) is considered an anion because it

Accepted Answer

A)   contains hydrogen.
B)   contains carbon.
C)   contains oxygen.
D)   carries a negative charge.

Question 17

Which ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sodium
B)   Calcium
C)   Hydrogen
D)   Potassium

Exam 25: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A patient is ventilating at a rate of 8 to 10 respirations/min,having been heavily medicated for pain.Which of the following is true? The patient is (may)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is (are) true of Na⁺?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true of extracellular fluid?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient with pulmonary edema is receiving furosemide (Lasix) ,a kaliuretic diuretic.He has lost 6.6 lb over a 48-hr period.Which of the following statements is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma oncotic pressure

Correct Answer
verified

A drug that blocks the renal reabsorption of sodium

Correct Answer
verified

Which ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle?

Correct Answer
verified

Hypocalcemia is most likely to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is most likely to cause acidosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is most likely to occur when output is less than intake?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Bicarbonate (HCO₃^-) is considered an anion because it

Correct Answer
verified

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of which cation?

Correct Answer
verified

A deficiency of ADH,called diabetes insipidus,is characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

Third spacing

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following acts as a base?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 25: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A patient is ventilating at a rate of 8 to 10 respirations/min,having been heavily medicated for pain.Which of the following is true? The patient is (may)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is (are) true of Na⁺?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of extracellular fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient with pulmonary edema is receiving furosemide (Lasix) ,a kaliuretic diuretic.He has lost 6.6 lb over a 48-hr period.Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma oncotic pressure

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A drug that blocks the renal reabsorption of sodium

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hypocalcemia is most likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to cause acidosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to occur when output is less than intake?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bicarbonate (HCO₃-) is considered an anion because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of which cation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A deficiency of ADH,called diabetes insipidus,is characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Third spacing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following acts as a base?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Bicarbonate (HCO₃^-) is considered an anion because it

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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