Question 1

The process of positron emission results in what change in the atomic number?

Accepted Answer

A)   a decrease of 2
B)   a decrease of 1
C)   an increase of 1
D)   no change

Question 2

The following nuclear reaction is an example of  Ra →  He +  Rn

Accepted Answer

A)   alpha decay.
B)   beta decay.
C)   gamma decay.
D)   an impossible reaction.

Question 3

Thermonuclear reaction

Accepted Answer

A)   is a process in which a large nucleus spontaneously splits into two or more smaller nuclei.
B)   is a process in which a large nucleus is bombarded with a neutron and then splits into two or more smaller nuclei.
C)   is a process in which smaller nuclei combine to form nuclei.
D)   is a process used to generate electricity in nuclear power plants.

Question 4

Which of the following resulted in the first demonstration of artificial transmutation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rutherford's bombardment of nitrogen-14 with alpha particles
B)   Fermi and Segre's bombardment of uranium atoms with neutrons
C)   the change of lead into gold by alchemists in the 14th century
D)   Goldstein's production of protons in a gas discharge tube

Question 5

One difference between a chemical reaction and a nuclear reaction is that in a nuclear reaction

Accepted Answer

A)   atoms retain their identity.
B)   atoms often change from one element to another.
C)   only the valence electrons are involved.
D)   only small amounts of energy are absorbed or emitted.

Question 6

The process of electron capture can be considered as the

Accepted Answer

A)   conversion of an electron and a proton to a neutron.
B)   conversion of an electron and a neutron to a proton.
C)   conversion of a proton to a neutron and an electron. The electron is emitted.
D)   conversion of a neutron to a proton and an electron. The electron is emitted.

Question 7

Which of the following isotopes is NOT considered to be a major threat to human health from nuclear fallout?

Accepted Answer

A)   cesium-137
B)   hydrogen-2
C)   iodine-131
D)   strontium-90

Question 8

Which one of the following radioactive isotopes is useful in the investigation of thyroid problems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Uranium-235
B)   Barium-120
C)   Iodine-131
D)   Cesium-145

Question 9

Give a use for depleted uranium.

Accepted Answer

A)   design jewelry
B)   form car bodies
C)   make coins
D)   make armor plating

Question 10

In carbon-14 dating,

Accepted Answer

A)   the radioactivity of carbon is artificially induced.
B)   the radioactivity of carbon occurs naturally.
C)   radioactive carbon is added to the sample to be dated.
D)   none of the above

Question 11

What is transmutation?

Accepted Answer

The change...

Question 12

Radioactive alpha emitters pose the greatest potential health risk when they are

Accepted Answer

A)   unshielded.
B)   on the skin.
C)   ingested.
D)   all of the above

Question 13

Alpha particles can be stopped by a

Accepted Answer

A)   sheet of paper.
B)   block of wood.
C)   thin sheet of aluminum.
D)   all of these

Question 14

The use of radioisotopes as tracers in medical and environmental research takes advantage of the fact that isotopes

Accepted Answer

A)   generally behave identically in chemical and physical processes.
B)   generally behave differently in chemical and physical processes.
C)   have different masses.
D)   none of the above

Question 15

Although Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time, his work generally did not involve much of an aspect that is traditionally associated with science. That aspect is

Accepted Answer

A)   creativity.
B)   mathematics.
C)   theories.
D)   experiments.

Question 16

The process of positron emission can be considered as the

Accepted Answer

A)   conversion of a neutron to a proton and a positron. The positron is emitted.
B)   conversion of a neutron to a proton and an electron. The electron is emitted.
C)   conversion of a proton to a neutron and a positron. The neutron is emitted.
D)   conversion of a proton to an neutron and a positron. The positron is emitted.

Question 17

Which of the following isotopes produced in fission bomb explosions poses the greatest health risk to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   xenon-129
B)   strontium-90
C)   krypton-82
D)   barium-138

Question 18

Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes. How much of a 128 mg sample would remain after 20 minutes?

Accepted Answer

A)   0 mg
B)   4 mg
C)   16 mg
D)   32 mg

Question 19

Radioactive isotopes and nonradioactive isotopes of an element react essentially identically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A "dirty bomb" creates a nuclear explosion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Nuclear Chemistry

Alpha particles can be stopped by a

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Which one of the following radioactive isotopes is useful in the investigation of thyroid problems?

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Which of the following resulted in the first demonstration of artificial transmutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One difference between a chemical reaction and a nuclear reaction is that in a nuclear reaction

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Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes. How much of a 128 mg sample would remain after 20 minutes?

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Thermonuclear reaction

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Although Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time, his work generally did not involve much of an aspect that is traditionally associated with science. That aspect is

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What is transmutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe change...View AnswerShow Answer

The process of positron emission results in what change in the atomic number?

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Give a use for depleted uranium.

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Radioactive isotopes and nonradioactive isotopes of an element react essentially identically.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following isotopes produced in fission bomb explosions poses the greatest health risk to humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In carbon-14 dating,

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The process of positron emission can be considered as the

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The following nuclear reaction is an example of Ra → He + Rn

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of radioisotopes as tracers in medical and environmental research takes advantage of the fact that isotopes

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Radioactive alpha emitters pose the greatest potential health risk when they are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following isotopes is NOT considered to be a major threat to human health from nuclear fallout?

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The process of electron capture can be considered as the

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A "dirty bomb" creates a nuclear explosion.

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The change...
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