A) To describe events within a culture in the distant past
B) To describe a culture
C) To construct theories that explain cultural interactions
D) To measure the effect of living conditions on human care, health, and nursing process
E) To explore meanings of social actions against a cultural backdrop
F) To travel to other countries or regions in order to expand our understanding of our home culture
G) To provide an internal (emic) or external (etic) point of view, or both, about a culture
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A) To relieve oppression and empower a group to take action on its own behalf
B) To investigate cultural structures, focusing on groups and their social patterns
C) To construct theories that explain cultural interactions
D) To understand values and thinking that collectively result in behaviors and symbols of the individuals within a culture
E) To provide a comprehensive holistic description of a culture
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A, B, D, E
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A) Classical ethnography
B) Systematic ethnography
C) Interpretive ethnography
D) Critical ethnography
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A) Husserl proposed that the researcher could identify and set aside his or her own private attitudes and opinions before data analysis.
B) Heidegger postulated that a person interacted with the world only through his or her physical body.
C) Heideggerians believe that the past has no influence on present thought.
D) Heideggerian phenomenologists posit that the person is situated in a specific context and time that shape his or her experiences, paradoxically freeing and constraining the person's ability to establish meanings through language, culture, history, purposes, and values.
E) Husserl's enquiry focused on the perception one places on the livid experience, especially on the meaning of that experience.
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A) Small pieces of data are "ground up" in the analysis process.
B) The theory that emerges is "grounded" in real-world data.
C) No theory is groundless.
D) All data must be "on the ground" and written out fully.
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A) Research that elicits the perceptions of participants to provide insights for understanding patients and groups
B) Quantitative research that contains descriptions
C) Research that contains elements of at least two other types of qualitative research
D) Mixed methods research
E) Studies that are guided by the philosophy of pragmatism with a focus on problem solving
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A, E
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A) Perceptions of one's interactions with others shape one's self-view.
B) Perceptions of one's interactions with others shape subsequent interactions.
C) A person is "embodied" and experiences the world within that body.
D) The culture determines behavior; the persons comprise the culture.
E) Persons within a social structure share symbols that have meaning for them.
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A) The philosophy for the study is logical positivism.
B) The sample size was decided upon using power analysis.
C) In this method, meaning emerges from the data.
D) The data analysis process seems to be inductive.
E) The method was shaped by the authors' philosophical perspectives.
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A) It was created by a nurse.
B) It values the point of view of the individual.
C) It focuses on factors that impact health.d.It explains how various levels of culture interact.
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A) It focuses on experiences and processes, against the backdrop of society.
B) The theory it generates may be tested by subsequent quantitative research.c.It always develops theory.
D) It provides as complete a description as possible of a phenomenon of interest.
E) It is able to be used effectively only in healthcare settings.
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A) Grounded theory
B) Exploratory-descriptive qualitative research
C) Phenomenology
D) Critical research
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D
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A) Husserlian phenomenology
B) Ethnography
C) Historicism
D) Heideggerian phenomenology
E) Grounded theory
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A) To generate theory
B) To describe the lived experience
C) To observe and document interactions within an existent culture
D) To elicit, without judgment, participants' subjective experiences, in context
E) To describe the single reality expressed by a group of participants
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