Question 1

The point of connection between two communicating neurons is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   axon hillock
B)   dendrite
C)   synapse
D)   glia

Question 2

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)   the left frontal lobe
B)   the right frontal lobe
C)   the right parietal lobe
D)   the corpus callosum

Question 3

After eating a large meal, which branch of your nervous system is activated?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory
B)   somatic (motor) 
C)   sympathetic
D)   enteric

Question 4

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him, but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)   the left frontal lobe
B)   the right frontal lobe
C)   the left parietal lobe
D)   the right parietal lobe

Question 5

One of the fundamental processes by which memories are stored and learning takes place ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is related to changes in the degree of myelination of axons
B)   results in an increase in the diameter of axons
C)   results in a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in neurons
D)   involves changing the responsiveness of postsynaptic neurons to neurotransmitter

Question 6

The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term memory.
B)   long-term memory.
C)   circadian rhythm.
D)   breath holding.

Question 7

Bipolar disorder differs from schizophrenia in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   schizophrenia typically involves hallucinations
B)   schizophrenia typically involves manic and depressive states
C)   bipolar disorder involves both genes and environment
D)   bipolar disorder increases biogenic amines

Question 8

In a cephalized invertebrate, the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   central nervous system
B)   peripheral nervous system
C)   autonomic nervous system
D)   parasympathetic nervous system

Question 9

The telencephalon region of the developing brain of a mammal ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   divides further into the metencephalon and myelencephalon
B)   develops from the midbrain
C)   is the brain region most like that of ancestral vertebrates
D)   gives rise to the cerebrum

Question 10

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing
B)   they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep
C)   they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water
D)   they alternate which half of their brain is asleep and which half is awake

Question 11

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation, which is present in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   basal nuclei
B)   cerebral cortex
C)   brainstem
D)   limbic system C

Question 12

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as which of the following?
I.functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain
II.a product of the filtration of blood in the brain
III.functioning to cushion the brain
IV.filling spaces between glial cells and neurons in the gray matter

Accepted Answer

A)   only I and III
B)   only II and IV
C)   only I, II, and III
D)   only II, III, and IV

Question 13

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)   coordinating limb movement.
B)   generating speech.
C)   recognizing faces.
D)   understanding language.

Question 14

In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are released by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the dendritic membrane
B)   the presynaptic membrane
C)   axon hillocks
D)   cell bodies

Question 15

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory. This disease would most likely involve ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   changes in the concentration of ions in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons
B)   changes in myelination of axons
C)   molecular and structural changes at synapses
D)   structural changes to ion channels in axons

Question 16

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)   sympathetic
B)   somatic
C)   central
D)   parasympathetic

Question 17

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   olfaction
B)   vision
C)   speech
D)   hearing C

Question 18

The human knee-jerk reflex requires an intact ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   spinal cord
B)   corpus callosum
C)   cerebellum
D)   medulla A

Question 19

Imagine you are resting comfortably on a sofa after dinner. This could be described as a state with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems
B)   decreased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems
C)   decreased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems
D)   increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems

Question 20

Axons are especially abundant in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   gray matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord
B)   white matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord
C)   gray matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord
D)   white matter in the brain and the white matter in the spinal cord

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

The point of connection between two communicating neurons is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After eating a large meal, which branch of your nervous system is activated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him, but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the fundamental processes by which memories are stored and learning takes place ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bipolar disorder differs from schizophrenia in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a cephalized invertebrate, the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The telencephalon region of the developing brain of a mammal ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation, which is present in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as which of the following? I.functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain II.a product of the filtration of blood in the brain III.functioning to cushion the brain IV.filling spaces between glial cells and neurons in the gray matter

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are released by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory. This disease would most likely involve ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The human knee-jerk reflex requires an intact ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Imagine you are resting comfortably on a sofa after dinner. This could be described as a state with ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Axons are especially abundant in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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