Question 1

The urban heating effect

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs because the materials cities are constructed from are rougher than natural soils.
B)  occurs because the materials cities are constructed from move heat downward better than natural soils.
C)  occurs because the albedo of urban environments is substantially lower than that of natural landscapes.
D)  is exacerbated by the concentration of people,machines and heat generating devices that add more heat to the urban environment.
E)  results from more evaporation from city surfaces.

Question 2

Which of the following is related to Earth's albedo?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmission
B)  reflection
C)  convection
D)  refraction
E)  conduction

Question 3

In terms of latitudinal distribution,the highest annual value for LE over land

Accepted Answer

A)  is between 10° N and 10° S latitudes.
B)  coincides with the distribution of the value for H.
C)  is between 15° to 30° N and S latitudes.
D)  is the same for both the El Mirage and Pitt Meadows examples.
E)  is highest over polar regions.

Question 4

The relationship between the insolation curve and the air temperature curve on a graph of daily surface energy

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibits a lag of several hours between the plotted lines.
B)  shows little or no relationship between the two variables.
C)  shows that peak temperatures occur near noon,whereas peak insolation receipt is at 3:00 or 4:00 P.M.
D)  coincide at noon.
E)  shows an inverse relationship.

Question 5

The sky is blue because

Accepted Answer

A)  gasses in the atmosphere scatter blue light well.
B)  light reflects off of the oceans.
C)  dust in the atmosphere changes the black colour of space to sky blue.
D)  light from the Sun is mainly blue.
E)  compression of the atmosphere creates blue molecules.

Question 6

Energy that is reflected from the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)  is used to heat the atmosphere.
B)  increases the energy surplus of the planet.
C)  does not act to heat the atmosphere.
D)  heats the atmosphere on its way in and on its way out.
E)  powers all processes on Earth's surface.

Question 7

Over the ocean,the highest annual values for latent heat of evaporation (LE) occur in the

Accepted Answer

A)  tropics because it is always warm there.
B)  subtropics because of the lack of cloud cover.
C)  midlatitudes because of the high amount of rainfall.
D)  polar regions because of the large amount of snow available for evaporation.
E)  areas closest to land in all latitudes.

Question 8

The reflective quality of a surface is known as its

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction.
B)  absorption.
C)  albedo.
D)  scattering.
E)  transmission.

Question 9

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  insolation = shortwave radiation = UV,visible,and near infrared
B)  insolation = longwave radiation = thermal infrared radiation
C)  terrestrial radiation = shortwave radiation = UV,visible,and near infrared
D)  terrestrial radiation = shortwave radiation = thermal infrared radiation
E)  insolation = longwave energy = cosmic and gamma rays

Question 10

The principal expenditures of NET R from a moist,nonvegetated surface are

Accepted Answer

A)  +SW? ,- SW? ,+LW? ,- LW?.
B)  temperature and plants.
C)  sensible heat transfer,latent heat of evaporation,and ground heating.
D)  ground heating and evapotranspiration.
E)  conduction and convection.

Question 11

When light passes from space into the atmosphere,it changes ________ in a process known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  colour reflection
B)  colour refraction
C)  colour Rayleigh scattering
D)  speed and direction reflection
E)  speed and direction refraction

Question 12

Which of the following would be true for the net radiation balance in a midlatitude location?

Accepted Answer

A)  Net R is constant throughout the year.
B)  there is a surplus of Net R during the summer and a deficit during the winter.
C)  there is a deficit of Net R during the summer and a surplus during the winter.
D)  the season at which surpluses and deficits occur varies from one year to the next.
E)  there is always a deficit of Net R.

Question 13

The insolation received at Earth's surface is

Accepted Answer

A)  usually low at the equator.
B)  generally greater at high latitudes because of daylength.
C)  greatest over low-latitude deserts with their cloudless skies.
D)  inadequate to sustain life.
E)  equal to that received at the top of the atmosphere.

Question 14

Which of the following is true of the daily surface energy balances for El Mirage (desert location at 35° N) and Pitt Meadows (Pacific coast location at 49° N) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  the expenditure for LE is very similar for both places.
B)  the expenditure for G is very similar for both places.
C)  the NET R for the desert surface and the moist vegetated surface are similar even though the values for individual terms in the heat balance equation may differ from one another.
D)  the expenditure for H is very similar for both places.
E)  there is no difference between the two locations with respect to the daily surface energy balances.

Question 15

Solar cookers could replace ________ as an affordable source of energy in rural villages in third world countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  natural gas
B)  nuclear power
C)  fusion power
D)  fire wood
E)  petroleum fuel oil

Question 16

Energy that is reflected from Earth's surface plays a substantial role in heating the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Mount Pinatubo eruption in June 1991 affected the atmosphere in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmospheric albedo decreased.
B)  a decrease occurred in the amount of energy absorbed in the atmosphere.
C)  a worldwide decrease in surface temperatures occurred in the two years after the eruption.
D)  the atmosphere above the Philippines was destroyed.
E)  there was no effect on the atmosphere.

Question 18

Which of the following is true of the albedo of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  it changes,depending upon the Sun angle.
B)  it is greatest when the Sun is  low in the sky.
C)  it never changes-albedos are constant values
D)  it is less for frozen water than for liquid water.
E)  it is greatest at the equator where the water is warmest.

Question 19

Consider the continent of Greenland,which is located at high latitudes and is covered to a depth of thousands of feet by glaciers.Given these facts,which of the following is true regarding its energy budget?

Accepted Answer

A)  the + SW↓ (insolation) term is large.
B)  the - SW↑ (albedo) term is large.
C)  the - LW↑ (outgoing longwave infrared energy) term is small.
D)  the - LW↑ and +LW (outgoing and incoming infrared energy) are equal.
E)  the + SW↓ (insolation) term is small.

Question 20

Describe and analyze the various methods of tapping solar energy and explain why they do not enjoy more widespread use.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe and analyze the various methods of...

Exam 4: Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

The relationship between the insolation curve and the air temperature curve on a graph of daily surface energy

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Which of the following is true of the daily surface energy balances for El Mirage (desert location at 35° N) and Pitt Meadows (Pacific coast location at 49° N) ?

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The Mount Pinatubo eruption in June 1991 affected the atmosphere in which of the following ways?

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Consider the continent of Greenland,which is located at high latitudes and is covered to a depth of thousands of feet by glaciers.Given these facts,which of the following is true regarding its energy budget?

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Over the ocean,the highest annual values for latent heat of evaporation (LE) occur in the

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The sky is blue because

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Which of the following is correctly matched?

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The urban heating effect

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Which of the following is related to Earth's albedo?

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In terms of latitudinal distribution,the highest annual value for LE over land

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When light passes from space into the atmosphere,it changes ________ in a process known as ________.

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Describe and analyze the various methods of tapping solar energy and explain why they do not enjoy more widespread use.

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The reflective quality of a surface is known as its

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The principal expenditures of NET R from a moist,nonvegetated surface are

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Solar cookers could replace ________ as an affordable source of energy in rural villages in third world countries.

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Energy that is reflected from Earth's surface plays a substantial role in heating the atmosphere.

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The insolation received at Earth's surface is

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Energy that is reflected from the atmosphere

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Which of the following would be true for the net radiation balance in a midlatitude location?

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Which of the following is true of the albedo of water?

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When light passes from space into the atmosphere,it changes in a process known as .

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