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Exam 2: Acids and Bases

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Which is the proper reaction mechanism for the reaction of boron trifluoride and diethyl ether? Assume that the charges are correct and add electron pairs, if needed. Also consider how many electrons should be in the outer shell of boron trifluoride to make it neutral.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

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B

Question 2

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Identify the Arrhenius bases: I. NH₃ II. NaOH III. HI IV. Ca(OH) ₂

A) I, II
B) II, IV
C) I, III
D) I, II, IV

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Question 3

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Complete the following reaction scheme with the appropriate equilibrium arrow (indicating the higher concentrations at equilibrium).

Which are acid-base reactions according to Lewis theory but not according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, conjugate base in the following reaction.

Lewis bases donate electrons when reacting.

Ammonia acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in the following reaction.

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than 1.0?

Which of these has the lowest numerical value of pKa and is therefore the strongest acid?

Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies to the right? (Sec. 2.4, HARD)

Which is the order of decreasing acid strength of the following compounds (greatest first) ?

The equilibrium constant will be greater than 1.0 for the following reaction

List the bonds in order of decreasing acidity (most to least) .

What is the role of water in the following reaction?

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest) . I. OH^- II. Cl^- III. H₂O IV. NH₃

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true? I. The pKa is the negative log₁₀ of the acid equilibrium constant. II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid. III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid. IV. The Ka = K [HA].

What is the role of methanol (CH₃OH) in the following reaction?

The strongest acid in the following list is sodium bicarbonate.

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0?