Question 1

When you eat Brussels sprouts, what are you eating?

Accepted Answer

A)   immature flowers
B)   large axillary buds
C)   petioles
D)   storage leaves
E)   storage roots

Question 2

One major advantage of using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for studies of plant form and function is its

Accepted Answer

A)   fast generation time.
B)   exceptionally large genome.
C)   large seeds.
D)   high tolerance to stress.
E)   high mutation rate.

Question 3

One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that

Accepted Answer

A)   only leaves have phloem and only roots have xylem.
B)   root cells have cell walls and leaf cells do not.
C)   a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent from roots.
D)   vascular tissue is found in roots but is absent from leaves.
E)   leaves have epidermal tissue but roots do not.

Question 4

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

Accepted Answer

A)   cell division at the shoot apical meristem.
B)   cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem.
C)   cell division localized in each internode.
D)   cell elongation localized in each internode.
E)   cell division at the shoot apical meristem and cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem.

Question 5

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   parenchyma cells
B)   collenchyma cells
C)   sclerenchyma cells
D)   tracheids and vessel elements
E)   sieve-tube elements

Question 6

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

Accepted Answer

A)   vessel elements.
B)   sieve cells.
C)   tracheids.
D)   companion cells.
E)   cambium cells. E

Question 7

What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?

Accepted Answer

A)   closing of the stomata
B)   lateral buds
C)   apical dominance
D)   absence of petioles
E)   intercalary meristems

Question 8

What effect does "pinching back" have on a houseplant?

Accepted Answer

A)   increases apical dominance
B)   inhibits the growth of lateral buds
C)   produces a plant that will grow taller
D)   stimulates lateral buds to grow
E)   increases the flow of auxin down the shoot

Question 9

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   trichomes
D)   tubers
E)   cortex

Question 10

Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances?

Accepted Answer

A)   parenchyma cells
B)   collenchyma cells
C)   sclerenchyma cells
D)   tracheids and vessel elements
E)   sieve-tube elements

Question 11

Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the source tissue must

Accepted Answer

A)   differentiate into procambium.
B)   undergo dedifferentiation.
C)   increase the number of chromosomes in their nuclei.
D)   enzymatically digest their primary cell walls.
E)   establish a new polarity in their cytoplasm. B

Question 12

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Accepted Answer

A)   bark.
B)   periderm.
C)   secondary xylem.
D)   secondary phloem.
E)   cork.

Question 13

Axillary buds

Accepted Answer

A)   are initiated by the cork cambium.
B)   have dormant meristematic cells.
C)   are composed of a series of internodes lacking nodes.
D)   grow immediately into shoot branches.
E)   do not form a vascular connection with the primary shoot. B

Question 14

While studying the plant Arabidopsis, a botanist finds that an RNA probe produces colored spots in the sepals of the plant. From this information, what can be inferred?

Accepted Answer

A)   The differently colored plants will attract different pollinating insects.
B)   The RNA probe is transported only to certain tissues.
C)   The colored regions were caused by mutations that occurred in the sepals.
D)   The RNA probe is specific to a gene active in sepals.
E)   More research needs to be done on the sepals of Arabidopsis.

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Flowers may have secondary growth.
B)   Secondary growth is a common feature of eudicot leaves.
C)   Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.
D)   Primary growth and secondary growth alternate in the life cycle of a plant.
E)   Plants with secondary growth are typically the smallest ones in an ecosystem.

Question 16

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

Accepted Answer

A)   hairs.
B)   xylem cells.
C)   phloem cells.
D)   stomata.
E)   sclereids.

Question 17

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to

Accepted Answer

A)   attract pollinators.
B)   absorb ions.
C)   photosynthesize.
D)   produce more cells.
E)   produce flowers.

Question 18

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   vascular cambium
B)   apical meristem
C)   endodermis
D)   phloem
E)   xylem

Question 19

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

Accepted Answer

A)   root hair-dermal tissue
B)   palisade parenchyma-ground tissue
C)   guard cell-dermal tissue
D)   companion cell-ground tissue
E)   tracheid-vascular tissue

Question 20

Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was/were the

Accepted Answer

A)   phloem.
B)   xylem.
C)   cork cambium.
D)   cortex.
E)   companion and sieve-tube members.

Exam 35: Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

When you eat Brussels sprouts, what are you eating?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One major advantage of using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system for studies of plant form and function is its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

Correct AnswerverifiedE

What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does "pinching back" have on a houseplant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the source tissue must

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Axillary buds

Correct AnswerverifiedB

While studying the plant Arabidopsis, a botanist finds that an RNA probe produces colored spots in the sepals of the plant. From this information, what can be inferred?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a true statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was/were the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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E

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B

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B

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