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Exam 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Question 1

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To visualize and identify meiotic cells at metaphase with a microscope, what would you look for?

A) sister chromatids grouped at the poles
B) individual chromosomes all at the cell's center
C) an uninterrupted spindle array
D) the synaptonemal complex
E) tetrads all aligned at the cell's center

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Question 2

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Refer to the following information and Figure 13.4 to answer the following questions. A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12, and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown in Figure 13.4. Figure 13.4 -A certain female's number 12 chromosomes both have the blue gene and number 19 chromosomes both have the long gene. As cells in her ovaries undergo meiosis, her resulting eggs (ova) may have which of the following?

A) either two number 12 chromosomes with blue genes or two with orange genes
B) either two number 19 chromosomes with long genes or two with short genes
C) either one blue or one orange gene in addition to either one long or one short gene
D) one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene

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Question 3

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You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism, determined the relative DNA content for each type, and plotted the results on the graph shown in Figure 13.3. Refer to the graph to answer the following questions. Figure 13.3 -Which sample of DNA might be from a nerve cell arrested in G₀ of the cell cycle?

If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G₁ phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be

You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism, determined the relative DNA content for each type, and plotted the results on the graph shown in Figure 13.3. Refer to the graph to answer the following questions. Figure 13.3 -Which sample might represent an animal cell in the G₂ phase of the cell cycle?

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II -Synaptonemal complexes form or are still present.

Experiments with cohesins have found that

To view and analyze human chromosomes in a dividing cell, which of the following is/are required?

Refer to the drawings in Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous chromosomes as they might appear during various stages of either mitosis or meiosis, and answer the following questions. Figure 13.2 -Which diagram(s) represent anaphase II of meiosis?

When we see chiasmata under a microscope, that lets us know which of the following has occurred?

Refer to the life cycles illustrated in Figure 13.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 13.1 -Which of the life cycles is typical for plants and some algae?

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II -Tetrads of chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle; alignment determines independent assortment.

Which of the following can utilize both mitosis and meiosis in the correct circumstances?

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II -Centromeres of sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate.

Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs. asexual reproduction?

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?

Use the following information to answer the next questions. There is a group of invertebrate animals called rotifers, among which a particular group of species reproduces, as far as is known, only asexually. These rotifers, however, have survived a long evolutionary history without evidence of having been overcome by excessive mutations. -In these asexual rotifers, how does variation occur without meiosis and fertilization?

A tetrad includes which of the following sets of DNA strands?